14th-16th Centuries Counterpoint

Die Handschrift Hs. Mus. 18746 in 5 Stimmbüchern, datiert 1523 und heute in der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek, ist die früheste aktuell bekannte Sammlung ausschließlich 5 - stimmiger weltlicher Musik, dennoch relativ unbeachtet. Unter den 56 Kompositionen befindet sich eine signifikant große Anzahl an Wiederbearbeitungen ursprünglich 3 - stimmiger Chansons (Art - Song - Reworkings). Wiederum unter diesen fallen die 7 Bearbeitungen von “Fors seullement” am Ende der Handschrift auf. Ziel der Arbeit ist ein tiefer gehendes Verständnis der Kompositionsweise dieser Stücke. Dafür werden Techniken für die Entstehung von Art - Song - Reworkings erklärt und anhand von Gioseffo Zarlinos “Institutii Harmoniche” (1558) Kriterien für die Stücke, insbesondere für Komposition mit 5 und mehr Stimmen, erarbeitet. Darauf basieren die folgenden Analysen der Stücke, hauptsächlich nach Kadenzen, Modi, cantus firmus - Behandlung und Imitation. Die 7 Kompositionen sind sehr vielfältig und befinden sich auch nach der Analyse nicht eindeutig zuzuordnen im Spannungsfeld zwischen der im 15. Jahrhundert aufblühenden Praxis Chansons zu bearbeiten und einer moderneren Kompositionsweise, die in Theorie und Praxis ab der Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts zu finden ist.
 
(incl. Transkriptionen in Partiturform und korrigierten Facsimiles) 

Complete transcription and reconstruction of the canon a13 for Christ and his Twelve Disciples on the Apostles Creed. This piece is found in both the Eton Choirbook and the Baldwin Manuscript. This edition contained both the fully realized canon as well as a modern reconstruction of the original monophonic version of the canon, as found in the manuscripts.

For a recording with a score animation see the link below:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TBu66rLAv7I

A transcription of Leonin's "Viderunt Omnes" (c. mid to late 12th century), showing excerpts of the original two sources with comparative variations and a modern transcription.

For a recording and score-video see the link below:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_p9WQlyVPrA

A Prolation Canon for three voices by Johannes Ciconia (c. 1370 – 1412). this piece is a unique example of irregular prolation from the French Ars Subtilior. Utilizing a 4:3:1 proportion, this piece creates an interesting rhythmic phasing effect between the triplum and the cantus (top two voices) nearly 600  years before the 20th century composer Steve Reich popularized such musical textures. Check out the score in motion at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrOEOuwYy3M

A critical and performance edition of Alexander Agricola's chanson "De tous biens plaine" for three voices. The cantus firmus of the tenor is extracted from Hayne Van Ghizeghem's (c. 1445 – 1476 to 1497) eponymous chanson.

The text of the first verse is underlaid in this edition, though only the first few words actually appear in the manuscript. The complete text as found in a number of Ghizeghem's sources with a complete translation is given at the end.

It seems unlikely that the outer voices should be sung, given their continual motion, frequent awkward leaps, and extreme ambitus.  However, the inner voice certainly could be sung.

A non-barred critical transcription of Alexander Agricola's motet-chanson "Belles sur toutes - Tota pulchra es" from Florence, Bibliotea del Conservatorio Luigi Cherubini,  MS 2439 ff. 63v-64r.

For a recording of the music with a score-video see link below:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r2N_Ru9xjuA

Performance score of Francesco Landini's madrigal, " Musica Son - Già Furon - Ciascun Vuol" transcribed from the Squarcialupi Codex (121v-122r). For a video of the score with a performance see the link below.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNcfZSBF9ow

This is a threefold transcription of Baude Cordier's "circle canon," two versions in rondeau form and one in perpetual canon. Included with the music transcriptions are full translations from Medieval French to English of all the accompanying texts as well as an English text underlay for the music.

Also included is a full explanation of the various mensurations and colorations that appear in the piece.

The design of the scores attempts to illustrate the rondeau form overlaying the canonic conceit.

For a score animation with the transcription and original manuscript, see this link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iaeOWdXM4Pg

This is a comparative manuscript edition of Gherardello da Firenze's (c. 1350) caccia "Tosto che l'alba". Herein you can see the difference between the piece's three available sources listed below. For a performable realization of this piece taken from these three sources, see the related title under "performance edition".

Biblioteca Medicea-Laurenziana [I-Fl], MS Mediceo Palatino 87 “Codex Squarcialupi”, no. 40 fol 25v-26r
Bibliothèque Nationale [F-PN], MS fonds italien 568 “Pit”, no. 40 fol. 25v-26r
British Library [GB-Lbl], Add. MS 29987, no 31 fol. 25r

For a recording and video of the score see
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ok4VOFvLE2Y

A pedagogical transcription of Richard Sampson's (attr.) motet in double canon, "Salve radix," written to celebrate the union of Henry VIII to Catherine of Aragon and the birth of their daughter, Mary.

For a video with recording accompanying the modern transcription with side-by-side animated original notated music see the link below:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9wl1XqV6Nk

This is a performance edition of Gherardello da Firenze's (c. 1350) caccia, "Tosto che l'alba." This edition is a combination of the three available sources for this piece, selecting those options which are optimal when differences arise between the manuscripts. If one desires to see the other available options in each source, please refer to the related title under "comparative manuscript edition". The complete text of the piece is provided with a translation at the end of the score.

For a recording and video of the score see
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ok4VOFvLE2Y

For an audio-video animation of the manuscript with the modern transcription see the link below:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dO56v7qltNo

An edition of the anonymous labyrinthine ballade on three canons, "En la maison Dedalus" (In the House of Dedalus) from the Berkeley Manuscript.

This edition includes a modern transcription of the music, the original manuscript excerpted, poetic and literal translations of the text, reconstruction of the 11-tier labyrinth upon which the music is overlain, and pedagogical materials/explanations of the musical and poetic medieval Ballade forme-fixe.

This study situates theories of movable counterpoint by the Russian composer and theorist Sergei Ivanovich Taneyev (1856–1915) against current scholarship on Renaissance music. Analytical approaches that draw upon Taneyev’s theories can lead to rich insights into the inner workings of Renaissance counterpoint, most especially processes that have hitherto escaped attention. Through reference to specific repertoire examples discussed in recent scholarship, the present study demonstrates how Taneyev’s methodology and terminology can provide a basis for systematic identification of key procedures prevalent in Renaissance music. This study also considers how knowledge of Taneyev’s work can inform an approach that points to new possibilities for analyzing contrapuntal processes that operate across fifteenth- and sixteenth-century music.

A transcription of a lesser known masterpiece from the early 16th century. The only known work by composer Johannes Mittner, this Mass, and particularly its Sanctus movement, demonstrates one of the largest mensuration canons from the Renaissance - five voices from one.

For a audio-visual animation with recording see the link here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCe7WGoJVLI

Johannes Mittner: Missa Hercules Dux Ferrarae, Sanctus
Sanctus a4,
Pleni sunt coeli a2,
Osanna I a5 mensuration canon,
Benedictus a4
Osanna II a3

A critical transcription of the three-voice Caça (“chace” or canon) known as “O Virgo Splendens” (“O splendorous virgin”), the first in the small collection of music from the Llibre Vermell. It is perhaps the oddest of the set, being the most stylistically remote. It is the only piece not notated or composed in the contemporary style of the Ars Nova. Rather, its notation and style harken to previous centuries, possibly as recent as the discant style of the Parisian school of Notre Dame or of Santiago de Compostela from the 12th and 13th century, or as old as the free organum style of the 10th and 11th centuries such as that found in the Ad organum faciendum. Given its apparent lack of rhythmic mode of any kind, its relation to the 10th and 11th centuries seem more likely.

For a video of the score with a recorded performance visit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5BkzBK5-oDw

A modern edition of Nathaniel Giles (1558 - 1633/34) mensural bicinia, "Miserere," on 38 rhythmic proportions from the "Baldwin Commonplace Book" (1594). For a recording and animated score-video see this link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zRMx9koROOI

Medieval and Renaissance counterpoint treatises offer a practical guide to composing and improvising polyphony that respects stylistic norms. These counterpoint treatises are also replete with theoretical implications and can serve as a penetrating window into Renaissance musical thought, training, and style. Sarah Fuller has described Tinctoris's Liber de arte contrapuncti (hereafter LAC) as a " culmination of contrapunctus theory from the preceding two centuries, " underlining its importance to our understanding of the period. 2 In this chapter I reexamine the LAC in order to rectify the common misconception that its interval-succession list is exhaustive, and to reveal nine tacit contrapuntal principles that Tinctoris systematically followed in the examples in the treatise. In addition to providing insight into Tinctoris's intervallic thinking, my methodology also serves as a general model for taking a corpus-study approach in researching the examples in counterpoint treatises in order to enrich our understanding of them.

The primary goal of this dissertation is to produce a rigorous methodology for distinguishing between the contrapunctus structure and its elaboration in performing structural analysis of fourteenth-century diminished counterpoint. This methodology is based on historical thought by carefully analyzing contemporaneous treatises and their musical examples in order to better understand the compositional process conveyed both explicitly and implicitly in the treatises. In Chapter 1, I examine the various uses of the phrase “fundamentum discanti” (“foundation of discant”) in thirteenth- and fourteenth-century treatises and discuss its connection to contrapunctus as the structural foundation to support its embellishment, demonstrated through analysis of the musical examples in De diminutione contrapuncti and the Compendium de discantu mensurabili by Petrus dictus Palma Ociosa. Chapter 2 further contextualizes this argument by illustrating the significant conceptual shift regarding the relationship between tonal structure and elaboration from the thirteenth to the fourteenth century. I then consider the relationship between theory and practice in Chapter 3 through a detailed analysis of dissonance treatment in the treatise examples and contemporaneous repertoires in order to determine which repertoires most relate to the teachings of contrapunctus treatises. Finally, Chapter 4 presents structural analyses of fourteenth-century motets and motet-style liturgical polyphony. First, I build upon the analytical methodology presented in Chapter 1 by presenting a number of analytical criteria for determining the contrapunctus structure. Then, I discuss the prevalence of particular elaborative figures and their implications for structural analysis. Finally, I demonstrate how my analytical methodology may be used in conjunction with other methodologies of sonority and cadence to analyze large-scale tonal structures, illustrated with an analysis of Machaut’s Motet 17 as well as a comparison of Vitry’s Flos/Celsa and Gloria Ivrea 64.

A non-barred critical transcription of Alexander Agricola's contrafacta motet, "Virgo sub ethereis" (Source: Berlin, Deutsche Staatsbibliothek, MS 40021 ff. 131v-132r) as derived from his "Comme femme desconfortée".

For a video of the score with a performance recording see the link below:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_nnTzNXeUY

Edition of Lorenzo da Firenze's caccia, "A poste messe" with english lyrical text underlay. For a video-score of this edition with a recording see the link below:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UN1dFq0jK-U

Transcribed from the Biblioteca Medicea-Laurenziana [I-Fl], MS Mediceo Palatino 87, “Codex Squarcialupi”, fol 25v-26r and the
Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, Florence (Firenze), Italy [I-Fn], MS Panciatichiano 26, "Panciatichi", fol. 76v-77r.

The form of this piece is canonic with monophonic (?) ritornello. As indicated in the codices, the first part of the piece is clearly a canon for ether two or three voices. The second part, however, gives no sign that it should be performed canonically. Furthermore, there seems to be no reasonable way to render the second half of this piece as a canon without numerous and egregious counterpoint errors. Thus, it is generally accepted that the Ritornello is not a canon like the first part.

The second part can be performed monophonically or by many voices in octaves. However, many recordings have taken the liberty to arrange polyphonic parts to fit with the given monophonic line. Most such arrangements borrow material from the monophonic line, parts of which work contrapuntally well together when isolated and extracted arbitrarily.

Primer volumen en la serie Estudios de música antigua, coordinada por Maricarmen Gómez. En la historia de la teoría musical, el Renacimiento español temprano representa una etapa crucial en la que se centra el estudio del presente volumen. A lo largo suyo son tres los puntos de vista que se entrecruzan: la relación de los teóricos españoles con el resto de sus colegas contemporáneos, la proliferación de tratados teóricos publicados en lengua castellana a finales del siglo XV y los aspectos de la práctica musical relativos a la teoría que se expone en ellos.
Presentamos aquí la primera edición crítica de la Sumula de canto de organo de Domingo Marcos, el primer tratado sobre polifonía impreso en español, brindando al lector la oportunidad de profundizar en el pensamiento de los músicos de la época, ejecutantes prácticos capaces tanto de improvisar contrapunto como de leer la polifonía al uso. Además y por vez primera, se aportan los datos necesarios para comprender las características de la producción teórica española del momento y así colocarla en justa correspondencia con la que se gestaba en paralelo en el entorno cultural europeo.

Reworking and review of my PhD Thesis. First volume in the series Studies on Early Music, edited by Maricarmen Gómez. In the history of musical theory, the early Spanish Renaissance represents a crucial stage in which the study of the present volume focuses. Throughout this work, there are three points of view that intersect: the relationship of Spanish theorists with the rest of their contemporary colleagues, the proliferation of theoretical treatises published in the Castilian language at the end of the 15th century and the aspects of musical practice related to the theory that is exposed in them.
We present here the first critical edition of the Domingo Marcos Sumula de Canto de Organo, the first treatise on polyphony printed in Spanish, giving the reader the opportunity to deepen the thought of the musicians of the time, practical performers capable of improvising counterpoint as well as to read polyphony. In addition and for the first time, the necessary data are provided to understand the characteristics of the Spanish theoretical production of the moment and thus place it in fair correspondence with that which was developed in parallel in the European cultural environment.

The homophonic passages usually found in fifteenth-century motets to be sung at the culmination of the mass, the elevation, play a paradoxical role in modern scholarship. On the one hand, these passages serve to identify the liturgical function of the motets and the cycles surrounding them; on the other hand, they are hardly ever analyzed in detail, not only because their homophonic austerity seems to be of little interest, but also because they defy normal analytical procedures. To explain what happens when ‘nothing’ happens, this paper gathers a repertoire of contrapuntal-harmonic stock formulas distinguishable as clausulae, gymel, and tabula naturalis progressions. These progressions can be seen working in very different ways in elevation motets. To imagine composers with these polyphonic complexes at their disposal is to imagine theoretical and practical ways beyond a simple dichotomy between ‘counterpoint’ and ‘harmony’. In the discussion of elevation motets, questions of compositional design, of theoretical context, of performance, and of cultural context coalesce.

Con este volumen presentamos un nuevo tratado de teoría musical del Renacimiento español, escrito en 1465 por el catedrático de Teología de la Universidad de
Salamanca Pedro Martínez de Osma. Alumno de Alonso de Madrigal "el Tostado" y maestro de Antonio de Nebrija, Pedro de Osma fue un activo renovador del pensamiento aristotélico en el Estudio salmantino, prolijo escritor y polemista en estos años del despertar humanista en Castilla, acabando sus días con una condena eclesiástica por sus atrevidos postulados reformistas.
Este nuevo tratado musical viene a enriquecer el conocimiento de unas décadas hasta hoy poco tratadas por la falta de fuentes, demostrando cómo en Salamanca, a mediados de siglo, se vivía un rico ambiente intelectual a propósito de los temas musicales, tanto teóricos como prácticos, digno de la secular tradición propia del Estudio salmantino, en consonancia con los debates que en esos años florecían en otros centros intelectuales europeos.
With this volume we present a new treatise on music theory of the Spanish Renaissance, written in 1465 by the professor of Theology at the University of Salamanca Pedro Martínez de Osma. A student of Alonso de Madrigal "el Tostado" and teacher of Antonio de Nebrija, Pedro de Osma was an active renovator of Aristotelian thought in the Salamanca Study, prolific writer and polemicist in these years of the humanist awakening in Castile, ending his days with an ecclesiastical conviction for its daring reformist postulates.
This new musical treatise enriches the knowledge of a few decades until now little treated due to the lack of sources, demonstrating the rich intellectual life in mid 15th-century Salamanca regarding musical subjects, both theoretical and practical, worthy of the centuries-long tradition of the Salamanca Study, in line with the debates that flourished in those years in other European intellectual centers.

For a complete annimated score video of this work containing the original manuscript, modern score, and translation, see: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZcOtQNR8lzE

This is a pedagogical edition of Baude Cordier's' famous piece of augenmusik, "Belle, Bonne, Sage" from the 14th century. Find herein complete explanations of all parts of the piece (pictorial, poetical, musical, formal, etc.). Complete translations of all texts are provided along with an explanation of translations methodology and problems. Complete high-resolution graphics of the two sources are included.

The motet Laudate Dominum de caelis, copied in Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Ms. Cappella Sistina 42 c. 1509-12, is distinctive in Brumel's output, bearing many of the hallmarks of the so-called 'Milanese' style. This article addresses its sources, style, and technical construction in the context of some of Brumel's other motets and of Joshua Rifkin's recent research on the French-court motet around 1500, as exemplified by the motets of Josquin and Mouton. Analyses of local contrapuntal structures and of the motet's overall form offer a view of Brumel's working methods. These considerations lead to a picture of the motet as a product of Brumel's engagement with a French-court motet repertory in the first decade of the sixteenth century.

A performance and critical edition of Agricola's two voiced polyphonic setting of "Gaudeamus omnes", Introit for the Feast of the Assumption. For two different recordings and video-scores of the piece see the links below:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZnRmQ-B2Zc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LxK8zd2hLEM

Only the incipit "Gaudeamus omnes in domino" appears with Agricola's music. The Introit text set to the chant cantus firmus used in this transcription is the text for the Introit for the Feast of the Assumption (also Gaudeamus omnes in domino).

Furthermore, Agricola only set down as semibreves each of the first 38 notes of the "Gaudeamus omnes in domino" chant. This transcription, following the example of Edward Learner's edition, reconstructs the remaining tenor notes. This edition differs from Learner's in that it uses the Introit chant for Assumption from Cambrai, Bibliotheque Municipale [F-CA], MS B-12, fol. 49r-v (c. 1500), rather than a British version from the Sarum rite.

______________________________

Gaudeamus omnes in domino,
diem festum celebrantes sub honore Mariae Virginis:
de cujus assumptione gaudent angeli,
et collaudant filium dei.

Let us all rejoice in the Lord
celebrating this day the feast in honor of the Virgin Mary,
in whose solemnity the angels rejoice,
and praising the Son of God.

This essay examines instances of strikingly dissonant cadences in fourteenth-century French song. These dissonant clashes result not from a lack of dissonance “control” in medieval music, but rather from a deliberately employed musical figure that can be found especially in otherwise consonant settings. The history of this musical figure can be traced from the Ars nova across the age of prima prattica counterpoint and into the seconda prattica. At the core of this gesture is the progression from dissonances through imperfect consonances to perfect consonances. Thus, the rhetorical purpose of the dissonance is to intensify the final arrival at a perfect interval. Four case studies will track this figure in pieces by Machaut and his contemporaries. The case studies are augmented by reflections on various historiographic and methodological aspects: medieval three- and four-part counterpoint, strategies and theories of dissonance treatment in the fourteenth century, attempts at a Figurenlehre avant la lettre, and the song repertoire of Machaut’s contemporaries.

For a live recording see: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6AWnLR2cd7Y

Johann Heinrich Buttstett (1666-1727) is an under-recognized composer of the late 17th and early 18th century. His works were influential on the oeuvre of Johann Sebastian Bach, who transcribed a number of Buttstett's works into his own notebooks. Buttstett's fugal design is somewhat unique and idiomatic, often using rhythmically motoric themes with numerous repeated notes and fugal forms that have two distinct expositions.

Here is a performance edition of his quirky fugue in g-minor. The performance edition is based on the registrations of and performance by Jordan Alexander Key.

A study and critical edition of Agricola's two voiced polyphonic setting of "Gaudeamus omnes", Introit for the Feast of the Assumption. This is intended for teaching various 14th and 15th century mensuration signs and their modern translations and persisting problems.

For two recordings and video-scores of the piece see the link below:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZnRmQ-B2Zc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LxK8zd2hLEM

Only the incipit "Gaudeamus omnes in domino" appears with Agricola's music. The Introit text set to the chant cantus firmus used in this transcription is the text for the Introit for the Feast of the Assumption (also Gaudeamus omnes in domino).

Furthermore, Agricola only set down as semibreves each of the first 38 notes of the "Gaudeamus omnes in domino" chant. This transcription, following the example of Edward Learner's edition, reconstructs the remaining tenor notes. This edition differs from Learner's in that it uses the Introit chant for Assumption from Cambrai, Bibliotheque Municipale [F-CA], MS B-12, fol. 49r-v (c. 1500), rather than a British version from the Sarum rite.

______________________________

Gaudeamus omnes in domino,
diem festum celebrantes sub honore Mariae Virginis:
de cujus assumptione gaudent angeli,
et collaudant filium dei.

Let us all rejoice in the Lord
celebrating this day the feast in honor of the Virgin Mary,
in whose solemnity the angels rejoice,
and praising the Son of God.

Despite the frequently critiqued prolixity in much of his oeuvre, Alexander Agricola (1445/46-1506) crafted music comprehensible enough to elicit great praise from numerous contemporaries. What is then inherently praiseworthy in this abstruse music? In his Salve Regina I, Agricola crafts a musical argument for his garrulity, the thesis of which aims to clarify and justify the virtue of his style. While Agricola employed cantus firmus conventions to provide formal scaffolding, he also imbues discursiveness with comprehensibility through rhetorical techniques, such as inflection of cadence, clearness of imitation, phraseology of text, and varied implementation of cantus firmus. Articulating the micro-structure of his music, these components are then couched in the discourse of the classical argument: an introduction, confirmation, and refutation of a thesis. In Agricola’s Salve Regina I, motet becomes a medium for the exhibition and logical justification of his musical thesis of abstract polystylism.

A transcription of Alexander Agricola's office hymn to the Virgin Mary, "Ave maris stella." Note the canonic inner tenor voices. This is one of Agricola's unicum.

For a recording and score video see the link below:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hE0rMPcBvo

Con este trabajo estudiamos el manuscrito 2044 conservado en la Biblioteca de Reserva de la Universitat de Barcelona, datado a principios del siglo XVI, una colección miscelánea de nociones de teoría musical, ejemplo de lo que se conoce como “apuntes de estudiante de música”. Gracias a este tipo de documentos es posible profundizar en el conocimiento de los contextos de aprendizaje musical a fines de la Edad Media, la transmisión de la teoría musical y la teoría de la práctica, y el papel de la imprenta en este proceso que enriqueció y a la vez unificó las prácticas musicales hispanas en tiempos de los Reyes Católicos.

We discuss the Ms. 2044 preserved in the Biblioteca de Reserva of the University of Barcelona, from the beginning of the sixteenth century, a miscellany of notions of musical theory, and an example of what is known as "student notebook". Thanks to this type of documents it is possible to deepen the knowledge of the contexts of musical learning in the late Middle Ages, the transmission of musical theory and the theory of practice, and the role of the musical press in this process that enriched and unified Hispanic musical prac-tices in the time of the Catholic Monarchs.
http://www.epccm.es/index.php?journal=epccm&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=427

This motet is the second "Salve Regina" motet composed by Alexander Agricola.
For a recording and score-video of Salve Regina II see here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yoQLA3BXvQs

For a transcription of his first Salve Regina see here:
https://www.academia.edu/21795600/Alexander_Agricola_Salve_Regina_I_Brussels_Bibliotheque_Royale_MS_9126_fol._138v-143r_
For a recording and score-video of Salve Regina I see here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3B-j3fUbqc

"Salve Regina II" is not only based off the classical "Salve Regina" (solemn tone) chant. The tenor of this piece is derived from Walter Frye's (d. 1474?) Marian motet, "Ave Regina".

For information and a video-score on Frye's motet see the link here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BH43f-yd9oA
For a transcription see here:
https://www.academia.edu/31933857/Walter_Frye_-_Ave_Regina_tenor_for_Agricola_Salve_Regina_II_-_Full_Score.pdf

________________________


Ave Regina (Latin text):

Ave Regina coelorum mater Regis angelorum.
O Maria flos virginum velut rosa, velut lilium.
Funde preces ad filium pro salute fidelium.
O Maria flos virginum velut rosa, velut lilium.


Hail Queen (English translation):

Hail, Queen of heaven, Mother of the King of angels.
O Mary, flower of virgins, like the rose, like the lily.
Pour out prayers to the Son for the salvation of the faithful.
O Mary, flower of virgins, like the rose, like the lily.

________________________


Salve Regina (Latin text):

Salve, Regina, Mater misericordiæ,
vita, dulcedo, et spes nostra, salve.
Ad te clamamus exsules filii Hevæ,
Ad te suspiramus, gementes et flentes
in hac lacrimarum valle.
Eia, ergo, advocata nostra, illos tuos
misericordes oculos ad nos converte;
Et Jesum, benedictum fructum ventris tui,
nobis post hoc exsilium ostende.
O clemens, O pia, O dulcis Virgo Maria.


Hail, holy Queen (English translation):

Hail, holy Queen, Mother of Mercy,
Our life, our sweetness and our hope.
To you do we cry,
Poor banished children of Eve;
To you do we send up our sighs,
Mourning and weeping in this valley of tears.
Turn then, most gracious advocate,
Your eyes of mercy toward us;
And after this our exile,
Show us the blessed fruit of your womb, Jesus.
O clement, O loving,
O sweet Virgin Mary.

En 1482, el músico y teórico Ramos de Pareja, publicaba en Bolonia el primer tratado musical impreso de un autor español, titulado Musica practica. Ramos, nacido en Baeza unos cuarenta años antes, debió cursar estudios en la Universidad de Salamanca, donde viviría los turbulentos años finales del reinado de Enrique IV de Castilla, antes de que le sucediese en el trono su hermanastra, la infanta Isabel. Una sucesión complicada por la Este artículo presenta un nuevo tratado musical español del siglo XV escrito por Pedro Martínez de Osma, catedrático de Teología en la Universidad de Salamanca. De esta obra se tenía noticia por referencias coetáneas debidas a su colega Ramos de Pareja, pero hasta ahora no se había identificado. Este texto, escrito en 1465 y conservado en la Biblioteca Nacional de Nápoles, permite obtener nueva información de un periodo muy poco ex-plorado en cuanto al pensamiento musical en España, precisamente por la ausencia de fuentes documentales. Analizando su contenido se detalla el ambiente reformista y pre-humanista que se vivía en esos años en el Estudio salmantino y se perfila la corriente de pensamiento que, pasando por Ramos y otros autores en torno al 1500, llevarán al flore-cimiento de los insignes autores del quinientos, en especial Francisco Salinas. Palabras clave: Pedro Martínez de Osma, Universidad de Salamanca, Ramos de Pareja, teoría musical, Renacimiento español, Humanismo.

This article presents a new fifteenth-century Spanish music treatise written by Pedro Martínez de Osma, Professor of Theology at the University of Salamanca. This text was known through contemporary references by his colleague Ramos de Pareja, but had not been identified until now. Written in 1465 and preserved at the Biblioteca Nazionale Vittorio Emanuele III in Naples, the text provides new information from a very little explored period in Spain in terms of music philosophy, precisely because of the lack of documentary sources. By analysing its content, the author explains the reformist and pre-humanist climate that characterized those years in Salamanca, and outlines the school of thought that would allow distinguished theorists of the sixteenth century century to flourish in the wake of Ramos and other composer-theorists around 1500, especially Francisco Salinas.
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