16th century Europe

Wybór Stefana Batorego na tron Rzeczypospolitej utorował drogę do kariery także członkom jego rodziny. Po niespodziewanej śmierci króla jego ambitne plany usiłowało zrealizować czterech bratanków, przede wszystkim zaś Andrzej, uważany za duchowego spadkobiercę stryja. Jako kardynał musiał wypełniać zadania stawiane przed nim przez Kościół, jednocześnie za pomocą zawiłych rozgrywek usiłował bronić interesów Batorych i jedności rodu, mając przeciw sobie Habsburgów, Szwecję i Moskwę.

Une visite, effectuée en 1656 lors de l’achat du domaine de Meudon par Abel Servien aux héritiers de la Maison de Guise, permet de préciser la nature des travaux menés dans la seconde moitié du XVIe siècle, notamment ceux exécutés sur les dessins du Primatice. L’intervention de ce dernier ne se borna pas en effet à la seule grotte que Vasari mentionne, non sans exagération, et qui au demeurant n’a pas été achevée, mais elle porta aussi sur le château : création de galeries terrasses dans la cour, des décors de la galerie dans l’aile droite, de la grande salle et d’un petit studiolo peint sur le thème d’Aristote.

Features Itinerario, first published in 1596 by Dutchman Jan Huygen van Linschoten. The publication is valued for revealing directions into the trade routes of the East, besides its beautiful engravings and  early modern maps which provide insights into the cultures and commodities of the region.

A transcription of a lesser known masterpiece from the early 16th century. The only known work by composer Johannes Mittner, this Mass, and particularly its Sanctus movement, demonstrates one of the largest mensuration canons from the Renaissance - five voices from one.

For a audio-visual animation with recording see the link here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCe7WGoJVLI

Johannes Mittner: Missa Hercules Dux Ferrarae, Sanctus
Sanctus a4,
Pleni sunt coeli a2,
Osanna I a5 mensuration canon,
Benedictus a4
Osanna II a3

We propose to read Francis Bacon's doctrine of the idols of the mind as an investigation firmly entrenched in his mental-medicinal concerns and we argue that an important role therein is played by the imagination. Looking at the ways in which the imagination serves to pinpoint several crucial aspects of the idolic mind permits us to signal the explicit or implicit cross-references between what in Bacon's tree of knowledge appear as distinct branches: the various faculties and their arts; the mind, the body, and their league; natural philosophy, moral philosophy, and the philosophy of man. The consequence of this rich picture of the diagnosis of the mind is an equally rich conception of the cure, which comprises both epistemic and physiological aspects. We extract the features of this integrated view out of Bacon's epistemological and medical natural historical writings, which we propose to read in tandem. We also propose a number of sources for Bacon's views on the imagination, whose variety accounts for the multivalent, sometimes elusive, but surely pervasive role of the imagination in the Baconian diagnosis and cure of the mind.

ABSTRACT
The role of stakeholder participation in project performance cannot be overlooked. A review of case studies has demonstrated a relationship between the two. The study was undertaken to demonstrate how stakeholder participation influences the performance of public projects. Community participation was discussed within the context of project cycle in three phases; identification, planning, and execution. The study was guided by the following research objectives; to examine how stakeholders’ participation in project identification influence project performance in Musanze District, to assess how the stakeholders’ participation in project planning influence project performance in Musanze District, and to discover how stakeholder’s participation in project execution influence project performance in Musanze District.The researcher studied WASH PROJECT in Rwanda under MINIFRA which was funded jointly by Government of Rwanda, Government of Netherlands and UNICEF Rwanda but implemented by MNIFRA in Musanze District. The respondents were project representatives from the three donors, representatives from the implementing agency, representatives of the PIC and the project beneficiaries. The first three categories of respondents were sampled purposively while simple random sampling was employed for the last (project beneficiaries) category. Data from the first three categories of respondents was collected using questionnaires. A total sample size of 43 was used in the study. Descriptive design was used to analyze data using SPSS. A significant number of the respondents (80.5%) provided positive responses in regards to beneficiary participation in the project, while only 19.5 were of the contrary opinion and negated that beneficiaries participated in WASH project. Most of the respondents suggested that the influence of planning on the performance of the project was high (31.7%), 19.5% suggested that it was very high, 9.8% suggested that it was moderate, 17.1% suggested that it was low, and 22.0% suggested that it was very low. Most of the respondents suggested that the influence of execution on the performance of the project was very high (31.7%), 29.3% suggested that it was high, 9.8% suggested that it was moderate, 12.2% suggested that it was low, and 14.6% suggested that it was very low. The researcher concluded that stakeholder participation in the three phases of the project cycle influenced project performance. The study recommended that WASH should put mechanisms that ensure the maximum participation of respondents in most roles during the implementation phase, more so in the conceptualization and project planning role and administration and logistics. Future research on stakeholder participation on other performance indicators rather than those considered in the current study should be conducted.

This popular scientific poster was created for a small local exhibition at the Strumerhof in Matrei in East-Tyrol. The target group are school classes and local farmers. It provides basic information on the find of a 15th century straw hat found at Lengberg Castle in East-Tyrol providing an image of said straw hat together with a picture of a 15th/16th century straw hat found in Kempten, Bavaria.

""Bien que les études morisques aient permis, durant ces dernières années, une meilleure connaissance des morisques selon des approches aussi riches que variées, le thème de la conversion des musulmans d’Espagne au christianisme n’a été abordé qu’avec timidité. Pourquoi avoir poussé les musulmans à recevoir le baptême, alors qu’il était évident qu’ils n’avaient pas la foi dans le Christ ? Pourquoi avoir expulsé leurs descendants, après tant d’efforts pour les faire rompre avec l’islam ?
Ce livre se propose de comprendre les « règles du jeu » suivant lesquelles les autorités ont tenté d’effectuer l’intégration des musulmans dans la communauté des chrétiens par la conversion, avant d’organiser leur élimination par l’expulsion. Il donne une place centrale au thème de la conversion forcée.

La première partie nous conduit sur le terrain pour cerner le comportement des différents acteurs, chrétiens et musulmans, le poids de la violence et la place de la négociation dans le processus de conversion des musulmans. L’enquête articule la situation locale et les décisions politiques prises par les monarques, sur deux théâtres distincts, d’abord à Grenade puis dans le royaume de Valence. Les deux derniers chapitres rompent avec l’analyse des événements pour les resituer dans la longue durée des relations entre l’Église et les infidèles. Le traité du juriste Fernando de Loazes, composé en 1525 afin de démontrer la validité du baptême des musulmans de Valence, offre une voie d’accès vers la doctrine de l’Église sur les conversions forcées, forgée et mise en application au cours du millénaire qui va de la persécution des juifs par le roi Sisebut, au début du VIIe siècle, jusqu’à celle des juifs du Portugal par Manuel Ier en 1496.
La deuxième partie, « le temps des doutes », est consacrée aux suites de la conversion initiale. On étudie ici la façon dont les autorités chrétiennes conçoivent la conversion, la prise de conscience du caractère forcé des baptêmes, ainsi que les contestations qui s’élèvent contre l’usage de la force, tant de la part des morisques et des seigneurs que du côté des historiens et des théologiens qui poursuivent le débat médiéval sur la conversion des infidèles, débat auquel l’évangélisation des Indiens du Nouveau Monde et la résistance des morisques donnent une nouvelle actualité. Enfin, en remontant aux réflexions des juristes sur le droit de l'expulsion des minorités religieuses, on s’attache à montrer pourquoi la solution de l’expulsion des morisques s’est imposée sur les propositions concurrentes telles que leur extermination ou leur conversion par des méthodes brutales.

Le droit canonique, la théologie et l’historiographie de l’époque apportent ainsi de nouveaux éclairages sur les sources institutionnelles (les rapports des évêques et des inquisiteurs, les délibérations des conseils royaux, les correspondances d’État, etc.) qui, depuis plus d’un siècle, constituent le socle des travaux des historiens dans le domaine de la politique morisque.""

From the late Middle Ages onwards, many regions of Western Europe experienced heightened levels of inequality in the distribution of land, caused in many cases by the consolidation of property in the hands of various interest groups.What happened to those unfortunate rural groups (often impoverished) who lost their land to wealthier or more powerful interest groups? The aim of this paper is to explore then the demographic and settlement effects of land consolidation on pre-industrial rural communities.In the literature, a common connection has been drawn between land accumulation and strong population decline or stagnation in the countryside. Features associated with this downward demographic trend include high unemployment and a paucity of opportunity for work, impoverishment, settlement collapse, and a general trend of movement (permanent or temporary) towards the city in search of work. However, this outcome was not always inevitable as demonstrated in this paper. In that sense, while land consolidation may in many cases have been the motor which set in motion outward migration towards the cities, depopulation could have been avoided or limited within certain pre-industrial societies; as some societies may have been inherently more resilient than others. Thus, in this paper, a basic hypothesis is tested that land consolidation may have had a divergent impact on population trends in the countryside, which was closely dependant on the arrangement of rural societies themselves. Here two cases of peasant expropriation, land consolidation and a transition to a rural economy dominated by large farms are contrasted, and the divergent impact on population trends is analysed. In other words, this paper considers the capacity of different rural economies to maintain and retain its labouring (and now landless) population – a test performed by comparing two historical cases in the Northern part of the Low Countries.

Against the backdrop of the Ottoman threat, a very common motif in the diplomatic language of the late Middle Ages and the Early Modern period was the topos of a Christian Occident surrounded by innumerable enemies of the faith and protected by lands such as Poland, Hungary, and Livonia, stylized as 'bulwarks of Christianity'. The emergence of this notion and the corresponding ideology was connected with the political and religious situation of the time. The presumed existence of an antemurale implies the existence of a murus, and of an area protected by it. This was believed to be inhabited by members of the Christian community. This western Respublica Christiana – subordinated to the secular power of the Emperor and the spiritual power of the Pope – bordered on heathen, Muslim and schismatic countries to the East. This contribution seeks to take a closer look at the medial diffusion of the East Central and South Eastern European 'bulwark' topoi under the dynasty of the Jagiellonians in the rest of Europe at the threshold of the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period. Relevant single-leaf prints, frontispieces, woodcuts and copperplate engravings representing the respective outpost-countries as antemuralia Christianitatis ensured that the bulwark idea was also spread beyond the circles of humanistic scholars. Thanks to the new technique of printing, numerous writings were circulated (the so called Turcica) which focussed on the Ottoman expansion and on the role which Hungary and Poland in particular had to fulfil in the defence of Latin Christianity. The development of the printing press meant that a far larger public could now be reached, and the Turkish Wars belonged, alongside the Italian Wars of the early sixteenth century, to the military events which awakened the greatest interest among the European public.

Modern scholars tend to view Ottoman-Safavid relations from a sectarian angle as well as through a military lens. Such a narrow focus often comes at the expense of broader
strategic and political considerations. The subject of this paper, the capture of an Indian elephant by Ottoman troops, its handover to the French embassy, and the ensuing diplomatic
developments, may not be central to the campaign that the Ottomans launched against Iran in 1548-49, yet it offers unique insight into the relations between these powers.
What is more, it sheds light on Safavid-Mughal and Ottoman-Mughal relations as
well as on wider rivalries between European powers that were tangentially involved in
this struggle, the Habsburgs, France, and Venice.

The studies of this volume concern Polish-Hungarian and Polish-Transylvanian relations in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the first paper, with reference both to older scholarship and recent research on the history of borderlands, I analyze the character and role of the Polish-Hungarian borderland. I ask how it was influenced by the natural environment and how it shaped mutual relations between the countries on both sides of the Carpathian Mountains.  My conclusion is that this borderland was quite stable politically (despite the proximity to the turbulent Habsburg-Ottoman border) and remained a region of exchange, connected through numerous social, ethnic and economic ties. The western part of the borderland was a more easily accessible area (with more convenient mountain passes), cultivated and colonized earlier than the Eastern Carpathians. It influenced the number of trade routes and intensity of exchange. A special role was played by the Szepes (Spiš) region, which receives less attention here only due to the general character of the paper and many recent historical studies.
Three papers refer to two remarkable figures in Polish-Hungarian/Polish-Transylvanian relations in the early modern period: John Sigismund Zapolya (Szapolyai, 1540-1571), first Prince of Transylvania, and Stephen Báthory, his successor as a Prince of Transylvania, then King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1576-1586). I examine the way in which they were perceived by contemporaries. In the case of John Sigismund Zapolya, I describe how the image of the ruler, who died young, was shaped by his followers in the first years after his death, that is, in the 1570s and 1580s, and how the commemoration served the emerging political identity of Transylvania in the context of close Polish-Transylvanian ties during the reign of Báthory. An essential factor was the religious (Protestant, especially Unitarian) motivation of the apologists. This was accompanied by their religious and political goals together with moral issues (e.g. the commonly used notions of fortune and loss through which the reign of John Sigismund was interpreted). The paper is based on a survey of historiographical and literary works mainly by Christian Schesaeus (neolatin epic historiography), András Valkai (popular historiographical poems in Hungarian), Demeter Csanádi, Jan Gruszczyński (moralistic, commemorative texts) and Johannes Sommer with references to other authors as well.
Subsequently, in a paper on King Stephen Báthory I show the contemporary polemics on his rule, in particular the controversies that arose in the years 1584-1585 and in the first years after the king’s death. In this period, Báthory was faced with serious criticism due to his harsh conflict with the Zborowski family. I argue here mainly with evidence of contemporary political journalism. The fact of the foreign origin of the king and his support for Hungarian compatriots in Poland-Lithuania was also raised, just as in the first years following Báthory’s death in 1586. This image changed only gradually later. In the next paper I show this process, using the example of literary texts known as “kings’ catalogues” (icones, imagines), which shaped popular historical knowledge until the 18th century. It was much because of this sort of text why the representation of the king evolved to result in an image of a brave and wise ruler, almost overwhelming in the Polish historical memory of the subsequent centuries. This image also contained stereotypes of Hungarians (appearance, character), partly derived from the ‘Hunnic’ tradition and the parallel between Báthory and Attila. Decisive was the impact of contemporary events, primarily the Polish-Muscovite wars of the 17th century.
To sum up, the papers contribute to a more nuanced history of the Polish-Hungarian relations and stereotypes, but refer to more general questions about the commemoration of a ruler (Herrschermemoria) in early modern Europe.

The main sources of this article are 750 matrimonial trials discussed before the ecclesiastical court in Venice (1420-1545). This article analyzes the differing conceptions of marriage held by the laity and by the ecclesiastical hierarchy as these ideas were expressed in a dialectical relationship in court. Central to this analysis is the concept of consent, since consent, with widely differing interpretations, formed the foundation and the essence of both canonical and lay customary marriage. In the pre-Tridentine ecclesiastical court, custom played a leading role in deciding matters related to the marriage bond. These sources allow access to aspects of marriage that are usually not recorded and make it possible to reevaluate social phenomena which have been defined from a post-Tridentine perspective as transgressive. Practices such as bigamy, concubinage, and stuprum appear not as deviant, but as part of socially accepted marital behavior that is much broader and more heterogeneous than historians have appreciated.

his monograph entails a comparative study of two early modern urban centers in Transylvania: Cluj (Kolozsvár, Klausenburg) and Sibiu (Nagyszeben, Hermannstadt). It develops a new perspective on urban history in Transylvania, by filling the recent historiographical lacuna on early modern urban elites. This book attempts to combine traditional and modern research methods, by analyzing and comparing a large volume of unpublished data along three research lines. First, the historical background within which of the town elites in Cluj and Sibiu monopolized power are analyzed, including the development of town autonomy and governmental systems, the legal background of urban leadership, its continuity and the conditions under which the political urban elite acted in each town. Secondly, a thorough archontological and prosopographical research, with a special focus on marriage strategies and professional competence leads to a socio-political characterization of the elites of Cluj and Sibiu. Finally, an attempt is made to provide insight into the representation and self-fashioning of these elites.

Ágnes Flóra studied history and art history in Cluj-Napoca (Romania), and then followed an MA training in medieval studies at the Central European University in Budapest, where she defended her PhD thesis in 2014. She currently works at the Romanian National Archives in Cluj. Her major field of interest is medieval and early modern urban history, development of urban governments, formation of elites and urban identity.
Table of Contents
The manuscript has three main chapters, an introductory chapter, conclusions, bibliography and index of names.

The introductory chapter starts with the definitions of terms used in the text along with a short review of the elite theories with references to Max Weber, Norbert Elias, Gaetano Mosca or Vilfredo Pareto. This part is followed by the presentation of the aims and of the methodology pursued during the research. The presentation of the sources was split into two categories: unpublished primary sources and edited documents. Subsequently, the historiographical traditions on the topic - both in Hungary/Romania and international - are discussed.

The first main chapter is titled 'Respublica – res publica' and it is structured on three subchapters and thirteen sub-sub chapters. The first section (1.1.) is dedicated to the legal and institutional framework within which the urban elites of Cluj and Sibiu operated. The main objective of this section is to acquaint the readers with the beginnings of urban government and autonomy in the two towns in order to discuss the whole process of elite formation from the medieval period until the early modern. I have tried here to cutback some erroneously interpreted historical facts that has been reproduced time and again in scholarly works without any constructive criticism. A second section explores the structures of the town governments in the sixteenth century (1.2.), the history of the main urban offices and their legal context. A third section ends this chapter by having a closer look on the forces that might have interfered with the process of elite formation or disturbed it. Following Karen Lambrecht’s theory, elite formation is studied in relation to the court, the Church, the Reformation movements, university and multi-ethnicity. This part gives a deeper insight on the political, religious and ethnic realities of the region in the sixteenth century.

The second main chapter ('Magistri rei publicae') focuses on the archontological and propographical research on the urban elites. First, the legal, moral and material criteria of eligibility in public offices are discussed. Presenting several case studies, the second part makes a statistical and analytical presentation of the career building and power concentration in a comparative way. The following two subchapters investigate the 'cursus honorum' (the advancement of public office-holders within the ranks of the town council) and the networking strategies of the local elites (2.4.). This section leads to some intriguing aspects of power concentration within the local elites, family-networks and business relations are revealed. This main chapter concludes in an analytical subchapter dealing with the question whether the governing elites in Cluj and Sibiu can be categorized as a patrician communities or not (2.5).

The third part of this book ('Shaping self- and communal identity') is dedicated to the self-fashioning, and by that, to the communal individuation through the representation of the elites. Two main aspects are discussed here: the rituals and the ceremonies of the council election, constituted by a strong interaction between town and elites, and the erudite self-representation of the leaders through art and architecture.

The book is provided with a concluding chapter, a vast bibliography and an index of names.

The battle of Lepanto has long been considered one of the decisive naval battles of history. Yet, the savage fighting on Sunday, 7 October 1571 left the strategic map unchanged and the defeated Ottoman Turks were able to replace their losses and launch a new fleet the following year. Nic Fields reexamines the battle and concludes that, while it merely confirmed a strategic reality that had already emerged during the 16th century (i.e. that naval supremacy lay with the Sublime Porte in the eastern Mediterranean, and with Habsburg Spain and its Catholic allies in the western Mediterranean), it's vital importance was psychological. It sank the perception of Ottoman dominance and the inevitability of Islam's westward encroachment beyond the Balkans. With over 200 ships per side, it was the largest naval battle in sixteen centuries and the last major fight between fleets composed entirely of the muscle-driven galley. These slender ships were the direct descendants of the Classical trireme but carried cannon and marines bearing firearms, although massed archery and cold steel still played a major rôle on the fateful day. Nic Fields gives an excellent account of this fascinating and spectacular battle.

In Nordhausen konnten vier Ofenkacheln aus einem Befundzusammenhang des 16. Jahrhunderts geborgen werden, welche bislang unbekannte Bildmotive zeigen. Die Konstruktionsweise von mindestens zwei dieser Kacheln – eine mit dem Wappen von Lublin, die andere mit einem Landsknecht – stellt eine Übergangsform zwischen Napfkachel/Schüsselkachel und Blattkachel mit Zargenrahmen dar und steht den Blattnapfkacheln nahe. Aufgrund der Kleidung des Landsknechts, welche der Zeit zwischen 1540 und 1550 angehört, kann dieser Kacheltyp recht genau in die Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts datiert werden. Eine weitere Kachel mit einem Liebespaar weist zwar ein altbekanntes, spätmittelalterliches Bildmotiv auf, allerdings wurde die Mode der abgebildeten Personen dem Geschmack der Renaissance angepasst. Aufgrund stilistischer Vergleiche besteht die Möglichkeit, die keramische Umsetzung einer bislang unbekannten Vorlage von Albrecht Dürer entdeckt zu haben.
Religiöses Bildgut im Allgemeinen oder gar lutherisch-protestantische Symbolik war auf diesem Nordhäuser Kachelofen nicht vorhanden, ganz im Gegensatz zu anderen zeitgleichen Funden von Ofenkeramik. Statt dessen treten hier mehrfach Landsknechte und Wappen auf. Es bleibt zu überlegen, ob diese Kombination ebensolche weitreichenden Rückschlüsse auf die Gesinnung des ehemaligen Ofenbesitzers erlaubt, wie dies bei den Interpretationen für Öfen mit vorwiegend religiös-politischem Inhalt („Reformationsöfen“) vorgeschlagen wird.

A „Barokk. Történelem-Irodalom-Művészet” interdiszciplináris, nemzetközi hatókörű folyóirat, mely 1994 óta félévente jelentkezik új számokkal. A különleges periodika elsősorban kulturtörténeti, irodalomtörténeti, művészeti, zenei és filozófiai problémakörökkel foglalkozik a lengyel, ill. európai barokk kontextusában.

A szélesspektrumú folyóirat szerkesztésében a Varsói Egyetem számos szakának (lengyel nyelv és irodalom, történelem, művészettörténet, könyvtudomány, zenetörténet) kiváló tudósai és elismert specialistái működnek közre.

Az idegennyelvű különszámok sorában, az olasz, német, illetve svéd után a magyar a negyedik. A kötet tíz különböző központot képviselő (elsősorban magyar és lengyel), összesen húsz szerző írásait tartalmazza.

A különszám az ELTE BTK (Középkori es Kora Újkori Magyar Történeti Tanszék) és a varsói Neriton Kiadó közreműködésében jött létre. A kötet megjelenését Nemzeti Kultúrális Alap, varsói Magyar Kultúrális Intézet és Varsói Egyetem Alapítványa támogatta.

Over the past forty years historians have demonstrated continued interest in tracing the development of radical early modern English apocalypticism. The Tudor and Stuart eschatological scene, however, encompassed more than just millenarian activism. This article emphasises the pastoral ends to which Revelation was used by a group of late sixteenth-century writers as they sought to make it accessible to the ‘common sort’ of Christian. Viewing interest in the Last Days through this pastoral lens highlights both the tense complexities present in the Elizabethan Church and the usefulness of eschatological themes in studying ordinary and normative aspects of religious experience.

The University of Jaén, the Institute of Jaén Studies, and the Santa Capilla de San Andrés Foundation are organizing an international interdisciplinary conference in which various specialists will analyze, reflect upon, and debate a number of questions related to the context and reality in which the life and career of Gutierre González unfolded.  He was one of several Castilians based in Renaissance Rome at the papal curia, and founder of the Holy Chapel of Saint Andres (1515-2015), whose five- hundredth anniversary will be commemorated with this event.

An examination of the Eternal City and Spanish Rome, as well as the reality of Castile under Charles V, in which new ideals and proposals for ecclesiastical reform were circulated, is fundamental for understanding the circumstances in which Jaén’s clergy found itself.

In addition, a central aim of this conference will be to analyze the economic, artistic, and educational context, three key aspects for understanding the weight and influence of the institution established by Gutierre González.  These factors, without a doubt, have contributed to its endurance, and helped make it a point of reference for Renaissance art.

Finally, the circulation of ideas from the metropolis to the West Indies, as in the transmission of Gutierre González’s book Libro de doctrina christiana, will also be a point of interest, with the aim of uncovering one of the lesser-known aspects of this historical personage. 

The presentation of papers will complement the themes explored by the invited presenters. 

CALL FOR PAPERS

As a complement to the invited papers, the International Conference “Gutierre González and the Renaissance: Between Rome and the Spanish Monarchy” will accept the presentation of papers; as such, the pertinent call for papers is presented herein.

Each proposal should contain the following: Title, name of the author, home institution, email, phone number, an abstract of 300 words, and five keywords.  Proposals should be sent to congresogutierregonzalez2015@gmail.com, and will be accepted until August 31, 2014

The proposals will be subject to evaluation by the scientific committee, and acceptance will be confirmed via email by October 1, 2014.  The list of accepted proposals will also be published on the official webpages of the conference, http://congresogutierregonzalez2015.blogspot.it/  and http://www.facebook.com/congresogutierregonzalez2015

Presentations are welcome in Spanish, Italian, English, Portuguese, and French.

The complete text of the papers should be sent to congresogutierregonzalez2015@gmail.com by June 1, 2015.  The texts should follow the editorial norms that will be sent to authors by the conference organization.

Possible paper Themes:

Spain in Rome/Rome in Spain: immigration/emigration; Roman Spain; Italians in Spain; diplomatic relations; papal curia; networks: courts, families, and patronage; transmission and circulation of ideas; transmission and circulation of texts

Spain in the time of Charles V: groups of influence; minorities; social aspects; institutions

New Ideas: new spiritual currents; ecclesiastical reform projects; humanism and humanists; education of the clergy; diocesan clergy; press; censorship; education; social assistance

Economy: ecclesiastical economies; urban and rural patrimony; accounting

Art and artists: artistic relationships between Spain and Italy during the Renaissance; patronage; the art market between Spain and Italy

West Indies: transmission and circulation of ideas; evangelization; book market

Jaén in the Sixteenth Century: society; culture; Church; social assistance; religiosity; Holy Chapel of San Andrés

Dates of interest:

Deadline for paper proposals: August 31, 2014

Notice of Acceptance of Proposals: October 1, 2014

Deadline for Papers: June 1, 2015

Date of the conference: September, 9, 10 and 11, 2014

"

Spanning the period 1450 – 1640, this book brings together a diverse collection of portraits, botanical illustrations and landscape paintings for the first time.

https://www.amazon.co.uk/Renaissance-Watercolours-D%C3%BCrer-Van-Dyck/dp/1851779779

The Council of Trent established the requirements that a marriage be celebrated by the parish priest and two or more witnesses be present at the marriage (1563), but neglected to specify who the parish priest was. The decrees provoked confusion among both laymen and churchmen. Traces thereof can be found in the hitherto essentially unexplored documentation of The Congregation of the Council. This institution was founded in 1564 specifically to resolve the questions that arose all over the catholic world by the application of the decrees promulgated at Trent. The related records are held in the Vatican Secret Archive. Through an examination of this documentation, complemented by files of the Holy Office the author analyzes how the new rules were understood, experienced, used, circumvented, and manipulated both by laymen and churchmen in order to end an unwanted marriage, to facilitate a union that was socially transgressive, opposed by family, or even heterodox, and to respond to pastoral concerns.

"Des récits de fondation à l’horizon uchronique, des entrées royales aux archives de la police, des témoignages de voyageurs aux mémoires de citadins, des antiquités aux grands chantiers d’embellissement, du Louvre au Parlement, de l’Hôtel à la rue, des halles aux jardins, du tâcheron au promeneur, des strates aux seuils, des seuils aux passages, de l’univers diurne à l’univers nocturne, de la fiction au tableau, l’Ancien Régime dessine, et invente, un Paris complexe, multiforme, que ces volumes vous invitent à étudier dans l’infinie variété de ses formes.

Prologue : La politique en musique : Paris, 1749, par Robert Darnton – I. Policer Paris : « Comme en la plus belle forest du monde » ? Discours de l’insécurité et insécurité des discours à Paris au xvie siècle, par Diane Roussel – Le système policier parisien : réflexions sur une « révolution permanente » ? (fin XVIIe-fin XVIIIe), par Vincent Milliot – La police face à l’Autre monde. Pratiques magiques et ordre urbain à Paris dans la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle, par Ulrike Krampl – II. Les Religions : Les mystères du Paris janséniste, par Catherine Maire – Cultures et idéologies religieuses à Paris au XVIIIe siècle, par David Garrioch – Les institutions religieuses et la vie des quartiers à Paris au XVIIIe siècle : les baux chaises et le casuel des églises conventuelles, par Preston Perluss – III. Arts et sciences : les lieux de Paris : Être soigné à Paris, à la fin du XVIIIe siècle, par Jacques Arveiller – Le corps de la ville : Paris à l’époque de l’inoculation, par Catriona Seth – L’académie des Sciences et l’Observatoire de Paris sont-ils parisiens ?, par Irène Passeron –Le Salon de l’Académie, un foyer du développement du discours de l’opinion, par Isabelle Pichet –
IV. Les élites parisiennes : Hommes de lettres et mobilité sociale dans le Paris du XVIIe siècle, par Martine Bennini et Claire Chatelain – Le cérémonial urbain à Paris au xviiie siècle, représentation et négociation politique, par Mathieu Marraud – Des « bourgeois de Paris » à la bourgeoisie parisienne (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles), par Laurence Croq – Paris, mi-xviie siècle : espace social, espace civique, par Robert Descimon et Michel Demonet – V. Embellissements de Paris : « Parfaict estat politique de la ville de Paris » : l’urbanisme de Raoul Spifame, par Pavel Ouvarov – Le Paris galant de Donneau de Visé : le modèle urbain et la politique louis-quatorzienne dans le Mercure galant (1672-1678), par Sara Harvey – La coutume de Paris, épitomé du droit français sous l’Ancien Régime ? L’exemple des servitudes, par Robert Carvais – L’île de la Cité au XVIIIe siècle. Rénovation urbaine et adaptations habiles, par Youri Carbonnier – La place de l’Étoile : le rôle de la monarchie dans la création d’un genius loci national, par Isabelle Rouge-Ducos – VI. Géographies de Paris : Découvrir la « grande, excellente, et ancienne cité de Paris » – dans la Cosmographie universelle de François de Belleforest (1575), par Étienne Bourdon – Les cartes mentales de Paris aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles, par Andrey Lazarev – Les huit plans de Paris dans le Traité de police de Delamare, par Nicole Dyone.

Table des matières :
Prologue : Polyandre piéton de Paris ou la forme d’une ville, par Patrick Dandrey – VII. Loisirs : L’urbanité au miroir de la promenade dans les parcs environnant Paris (1630-1670), par Georges Farhat – Mr. What-d’ye-call-him : À la recherche du flâneur à Paris et à Londres au XXVIIIe siècle, par Jonathan Conlin – Les espaces du jeu à Paris du XVIe au XVIIIe siècle, par Elisabeth Belmas – De Londres à Paris : l’imaginaire urbain sur la scène comique du XVIIe siècle, par Karen Newman – Une princesse dans la ville : loisirs et sociabilité de Marie-Fortunée d’Este, princesse de Conti (1731-1803), par Aurélie Chatenet-Calyste – Esquisses d’une géographie musicale de Paris au XVIIIe siècle, par David Hennebelle – Entre histoire et mythes : le premier siècle des cafés à Paris (1670-1789), par Thierry Rigogne – VIII. Alimentation : Des métiers de bouche à la naissance du restaurant : l’affirmation de Paris comme capitale gastronomique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècle), par Patrick Rambourg – La faim des Parisiens en vers burlesques : sur quelques mazarinades du blocus (hiver 1649), par Jean Leclerc – Les bouchers des rues de Paris au XVIIIe siècle, par Renan Larue – Dans le « Ventre de Paris » avec L.S. Mercier et Grimod de La Reynière, par Jean-Claude Bonnet – IX. Approvisionnement : Le débit du sel au grenier de Paris à la fin de l’Ancien Régime, par Reynald Abad – Le paysage commercial de Paris au XVIIIe siècle. Économie, espace et temporalité, par Natacha Coquery – Eau et fiel dans les rouages d’une machine de 600 000 habitants : l’approvisionnement en eau de Paris dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle, par Gilles-Antoine Langlois – X. Écrire Paris : « C’est un peuple » : représentations du peuple parisien dans le Journal de L’Estoile, par Mathilde Bernard – D’où écrit-on sur la capitale ? Lieux sociaux et lieux sociaux de l’écriture dans le Paris du XVIIe siècle, par Nicholas Schapira – La première histoire de Paris grand public. Les Essais historiques sur Paris de Poullain de Saint-Foix (1754-1778), par Clarisse Coulomb – De Delamare à Mercier : visions plurielles, appréhension et régulation des boues, cris et embarras de Paris au XVIIIe siècle, par Thomas Le Roux – Premiers tableaux parisiens, par Lise Andries – L’imaginaire de Paris dans les discours de l’Émigration : la difficile narration du retour, par Jean-Jacques Tatin-Gourier – XI. Choses vues : Échos de la ville dans les dépêches de Francis Vernon, secrétaire d’ambassade à Paris (1669-1672), par Alexandre Tessier – « Remplissant de mon nom ces longs corridors sombres… », les Muses captives dans Paris : Sylvain Maréchal, Antoine Roucher et André Chénier, trois poètes de la fin du XVIIIe siècle, à la prison Saint-Lazare, par Jean-Pascal Boulet – Paris-Régence ou l’histoire de l’émancipation de la Ville (1715-1725) ?, par Laurent Lemarchand – Paris et ses noises : la rue vue du carrosse, par Daniel Vaillancourt – Le Paris de la Révolution française dans le XIXe siècle : étude en deux actes sur la pensée contre-révolutionnaire, par Yvan Combeau."