Archival Studies

Documenting Rebellions is a study of four archives that were constituted with a common desire to preserve the memory and evidence of lesbian and gay people. They are The Lesbian Herstory Archives (New York), The ONE National Gay and Lesbian Archives (Los Angeles), the June L. Mazer Lesbian Archives (West Hollywood), and the ArQuives: Canada’s LGBTQ2+ Archives (Toronto). Using a narrative approach that draws from first-person accounts and archival research, each chapter tells a story about how these organizations came to exist, who has supported them over time, and how they have survived for more than forty years. This book is the result of a five-year project that began in 2012 and builds on the author’s own experience working with lesbian and gay archives. In Documenting Rebellions, Sheffield places lesbian and gay archives in the context of changing political opportunity structures that have afforded a liberal lesbian and gay rights movement some successes while continuing to marginalize intersectional, queer and trans people. The goal of this study is not to critique these organizations, but to show how this cohort of community archives has been affected by the very same combination of socio-political and economic factors that shape the cultural histories that they preserve. Documenting Rebellions consider the material needs of archives – space, money, and expertise – that are sometimes rendered invisible by the idiosyncratically subjective cultural theory model of ‘the archive’ that has emerged from within interdisciplinary studies. By tracing the emergence and development of these organizations, Sheffield uncovers representational politics, institutional pluralism, generational divides, shifting national politics, interpersonal relationships, and challenges with sustainability, both financial and otherwise.

This study investigates the place of San Salvatore in the holy topography of Venetian Candia. By focusing on the largest convent in the Augustinian Province of the Holy Land, it contributes to a better understanding of a neglected subject in mendicant scholarship, namely the Augustinian friars’ expansion in the eastern Mediterranean. This article offers a detailed reconstruction of the demolished building and its sacred space, and sheds new light on interaction among the mixed Latin-Greek population in Venetian Crete by examining icons, altars, liturgy and, in particular, the introduction of the cult of Nicholas of Tolentino.

In recent years, “the archive“ as both a concept and an object has been undergoing a transformation. The increased availability of still and video cameras, analog and then digital, has led to a proliferation of indexical documents outside of official archives and prompted questions about what constitutes an “archive,“ and, hence, what constitute “archival documents.“ At the same time, filmmakers are appropriating sounds and images from various sources, thereby breaking down the distinction between “found“ and “archival“ documents. This situation calls for a reformulation of the very notion of the archival document. This article reframes the archival document not as an object but as a spectatorial experience or a relationship between viewer and text. I contend that certain appropriated audiovisual documents produce for the viewer what I call the “archive effect“ and that this encounter endows these documents with a particular kind of authority as “evidence.“

The "bibliotheca electoralis" with its 1500 books, today located in the ThULB Jena, is the remnant of one of the most important early renaissance libraries in Germany.
The early history of the ducal/electoral library, originally located in the castle of Wittenberg, is strongly influenced by the later librarian Georg Spalatin, who started to collect books for the Saxon prince-elector in 1512. Spalatin, who was 1512 assigned to educate the nephews and an illegitimate son of the Elector, worked also on several chronicles for Frederic III. of Saxony. His works outshine his predecessors: e. g. Adam von Fulda.
This paper is collecting and interpreting several counting books as alternative source for the history of the Wittenberg library and at the same time for the history of books.
The paper is giving an example for the potential and boundaries of counting-book-sources. It contains new facts and dates for Adam von Fulda, Hermann Behm, Georg Spalatin, Johannes Walther also for several printings of Martin Luther and Johannes Bugenhagen.

The paper was written in 2011 and published 2014. The major work of Mecklnborg/Riecke, Spalatin-Chronik 2011 couldn't be involved and is recommended for consulted reading.

This chapter presents the important but not very well known
archival material relating to James Stewart’s
Vounous excavations kept in the archive of the
Medelhavsmuseet, Stockholm. The Medelhavsmuseet
was founded in 1954 as a direct result of the Swedish
Cyprus Expedition in order to store the Swedish share
of the finds from the excavations. The archival material
from the Swedish Cyprus Expedition, including field
diaries, drawings, photographs, manuscripts and
correspondence, is kept in the archive of the museum.
Stewart’s excavations at Vounous were published by the
Swedish Institute in Rome in 1950 and Einar Gjerstad
invited Stewart to write about the Early Bronze Age in
Cyprus for Swedish Cyprus Expedition Volume IV, Part
1A (Stewart 1962). The good collaboration between
Stewart and Gjerstad prompted Stewart to donate
his field records to the Swedish Cyprus Expedition,
which thus duly came to the museum.

Although artificial intelligence is the product of science-fiction literature, it currently represents a significant branch of computer science dealing with intelligent behavior, machine learning, and machine adaptation. It has become a discipline that attempts to answer real-world problems. Artificial intelligence systems are nowadays widely used in economics and medicine, design or military. The role of archives is changing worldwide. In this grandiose transformation, archives need to be at the forefront of their own future, so that they can steer, guide, and not lose out.
The vast masses of information in archives provide an excellent platform for the exploitation of artificial intelligence. The mass of data can be a great help not only for research but also for policy preparation and in some areas of public administration in the not too distant future.

Während mit Zwingli im Abendmahl der Zürcher das historische Gedenken an die Stelle der Realpräsenz getreten war, manifestierte sich im Umgang mit Schriftgut eine Verehrung der Dinglichkeit, die schon Zeitgenossen katholisch anmutete. Die im Buch behandelten Selbstzeugnisse verdanken ihre Niederschrift ebenso wie ihre Überlieferung in amtlichen und familiären Archiven weitgehend ebendiesem Kult. Dieser beruhte auch auf einem frühneuzeitlichen Ehrbegriff, der ohne Gegenständlichkeit nicht auskam. Der neue Zugriff auf Selbstzeugnisse als Dinge mit quasi-sakralem Charakter eröffnet einen neuen Blick auf Zürich im konfessionellen Zeitalter. Mitten in der reformierten Stadt an der Limmat wird eine ins Kultische hineinspielende Wertschätzung der Leiblichkeit handgreiflich.

The paper focuses upon the Ottoman registers, constituting significant part of the fond of Belogradchik, of Berkovitsa,
of Kula, of Lom, of Oryahovo, of Vidin and of Vratsa. All they are kept at the Oriental Department of the
Bulgarian National Library. The registers cast light on the demography and the economics of the settlements in the
Vidin district. Some registers provide information on the Circassian and Crimean refugees, on the Bulgarians who
emigrated to Russia and then returned to their villages in the Ottoman Empire and on the Gypsies of the Vidin region.
All these registers were prepared according to the laws and the instructions issued by the Sublime Porte. There
are many villages mentioned only in one register and the available data about them do not serve to trace any economic
tendency. The simultaneous study of the property, tithe, sheep and goat registers significantly facilitates the detayled
research on the economic characteristics of the settlement. The analyzed information helps determine the varying
individual positions of the local people at the “poverty-wealth” colleration. Besides, the everyday life of the local
people is to be compared with this in the villages of the same ecological environment, but administratively attached to
the neighbouring small district. That is why, the quickly obtaining of the registers, primary sources of multiple data,
is of immense importance.
In order to ease the detailed and correct research of the local history, to provide the quickly access to the documents
and to bring to light the archival sources inherited from the Ottomans, my paper summaries the registers,
offering information about the different settlements, in 7 appendixes.

Der Artikel befasst sich mit der Persönlichkeit der bekannten westböhmischen Archäologen F.X.Franc, der von den 70er Jahren des 19. Jahrhunderts auf dem Schloss Kozel wirkte und nachher in den Jahren 1893-1904 im Städtischen Museum in Pilsen. Diese Arbeit stützt sich besonders auf die Kollektion erhaltener
Schriftstücke aus dem Nachlass von F. X. Franc, die heute im Archiv der Stadt Pilsen aufbewahrt werden. Es handelt sich um über 300 evidierte Dokumente. Für eine ausführlichere Analyse wurde aus diesen Archivalien vor allem die Korrespondenz gewählt, die Franc mit anderen Forschern auf dem Gebiet
der Geschichtswissenschaften führte (s. Übersicht der Namen in Tab. 1).
Eine chronologische Übersicht des erhaltenen Briefwechsels zeigt, dass die Zeit der höchsten Intensität der Kontakte mit Forschern in die Zeit von 1880 bis 1895 fällt, obwohl sie im beschränkten Maß auch später fortgesetzt wurde (Abb. 1 und 2). Anfangs stand F. X. Franc im engen schriftlichen Kontakt vornehmlich zu Vertretern des Wiener Forscherkreises (F. Heger, F. von Hochstetter, A. V. Šembera, J. N. Woldřich, J. Szombathy) und zu Fachleuten aus den ländlichen Regionen von Böhmen und Mähren (J. Smolík, J. Strnad, J. Wankel, K. Čermák, später auch R. K. Weinzierl). Der Nachrichtenaustausch gewinnt an Intensität, nachdem die archäologischen Funde und Abbildungen von Franc auf der mit dem 1889 stattfindendem Archäologiekongres verbundenen Ausstellung verdiente Bewunderung erntete. Damals erweiterte sich der Umkreis seiner Kontakte um weitere bedeutende Persönlichkeiten (J. Richlý, K. J. Maška, A. Sedláček), einschließlich der Vertreter deutscher und ungarischer Prähistorie (J. Naue, P. Reinecke, M. Wosinski). Nachrichten von den Hauptdarstellern der Archäologie in Prag (namentlich L. Niederle, J. Matiegka, J. L. Píč) erscheinen erst am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts (wenn wir J. Smolík nicht rechnen, der mit Franc bereits von 1878 in Briefwechsel stand, s. Abb. 3). Das hängt wahrscheinlich mit der Rivalität von zwei Prager Forscherkreisen an der Wende des 19. und 20. Jhs. zusammen, deren Leiter einerseits L. Niederle als Vertreter der sog. „Universitätsschule“ und andererseits die um das Museum organisierte Gruppe repräsentierende J. L. Píč waren. Franc wurde von beiden Gruppierungen ungefähr in der Zeit angesprochen, als er sich entschloss seine Wirkungsstätte zu ändern und als Sekretär des Städtischen Museums in Pilsen anzutreten. Er war bereit seine Ergebnisse und Erfahrung mit jedem zu teilen, der Interesse zeigte, aber in fachliche Streitigkeiten in Prag hat er nicht direkt eingegriffen. Falls er sich mit anderen Forschern uneinig geworden ist, war es eher durch ein Gefühl der ungenügenden Anerkennung seiner eigenen Entdeckungen verursacht. Größtenteils waren aber diese Uneinigkeiten dadurch hervorgerufen, dass die Hauptberichte von Franc erst lange nach seinem Tod herausgegeben wurden und seine Zeitgenossen also nur von anderen Autoren niedergeschriebene Sekundärinformationen und Zusammenfassungen zitieren konnten. Die Kollektion der studierten Archivalien, auf die dieser Artikel Aufmerksamkeit leitet, ist also nicht nur als Quelle zum Studium des persönlichen und beruflichen Lebens des bedeutenden Archäologen F. X. Franc zu benutzen, aber im gewissen Maß auch als Illustration allgemeinerer Züge der Entwicklung der archäologischen Disziplin des ausgehenden 19. Jahrhunderts in Böhmen. Begreiflicherweise ist es ein Blickwinkel, in dem einerseits viele grundsätzliche Ereignisse fehlen und andererseits scheinbar Nebensachliches betont wird. Trotzdem handelt es sich um eine wertvolle Sonde in die Mikrogeschichte einer konkreten Persönlichkeit, begrenzt durch den Horizont ihrer persönlichen und fachlichen Kontakte, und davon ergibt sich auch die resultierende Betrachtungsweise.

2019. Vivimos en una sociedad archivada. Mejor aún, una sociedad digitalmente archivada. Nuestros dispositivos electrónicos (computadoras, tabletas, teléfonos inteligentes, pantallas de todo tipo) nos dan acceso a infinidad de carpetitas amarillas que, a su vez, contienen otra infinidad de carpetitas amarillas en las que archivamos ―nosotros o alguien más― una innumerable cantidad de documentos. Toda clase de documentos: fotos, libros, canciones, películas, artículos de periódicos, la tarea de la escuela, clases de la universidad, el papeleo impositivo, estudios médicos, contactos, conversaciones, videos, correspondencia, rutinas de ejercicios físicos, declaraciones de amor, lo que se imaginen. Y ni siquiera deben imaginarlo, sólo tienen que echar un vistazo a sus archivos.

Todo está ahí, en esas abultadas carpetitas amarillas. Al menos eso creemos: que efectivamente todo está ahí. En el disco rígido, en la nube, el chip, en esa cosa que ya parece tan natural como los árboles y las estrellas llamada internet. Uno de los rasgos de nuestra sociedad archivada es que aquello que no está guardado en las carpetitas amarillas, aquello que no está digitalizado y en línea, parece no existir. No lo tenemos en cuenta. Lo ignoramos.

Los archivos tradicionales no sólo deben enfrentarse con sus dificultades habituales (recortes de presupuesto, falta de personal calificado y de mobiliario idóneo, instrumentos de descripción inadecuados, desmembramiento de fondos documentales) sino encontrar un lugar en esta realidad digitalizada. Ser capaces de suplir la demanda de acceso inmediato a la información, pero también de organizarla, de sistematizarla, de interpretarla. De encontrar una voz clara en un espacio atestado de gritos desperdigados.

Архіви України. УДК 929Каленський:930.25(438)
Левченко Л.Л. Видатний польський архівіст Густав Каленський та його праця "Brakowanie akt". Стаття висвітлює біографію та наукову діяльність видатного польського архівіста Густава Каленського. Вперше в Україні публікується переклад його праці "Brakowanie akt", присвяченій експертизі цінності документів. Ключові слова: Густав Каленський; експертиза цінності документів.

L'ultimo libro di Federico Valacchi articola e arricchisce una linea di riflessione già elaborata, nella stessa sede editoriale, con i volumi Diventare archivisti (2015) e Archivio: concetti e parole (2018), opere che, nel loro insieme, costituiscono ormai un corpus argomentativo di rilevante interesse, all'interno delle tradizioni disciplinari di settore e nel contesto più ampio del dibattito attuale su senso e prospettiva delle culture documentarie.

In 2013 verwierf het Studie- en Documentatiecentrum Oorlog en Hedendaagse Maatschappij (CegeSoma) het archief van mr. Frédéric Eickhoff. Tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog verdedigde hij ongeveer 2500 verzetslieden die moesten verschijnen voor de Duitse militaire rechtbanken in bezet België. Tijdens de verwerving van dit archief doken heel wat vragen op omtrent de ontsluiting en raadpleging ervan. Een advocaat is tijdens de uitoefening van zijn beroep immers gebonden aan het beroepsgeheim. Welke beperkingen legt dit beroepsgeheim nog op met betrekking tot het archief van een advocaat na diens overlijden? Vanuit deze vraag werden dit onderzoek en de bijhorende stage uitgevoerd.
Aangezien advocatenarchieven een zeer uiteenlopende inhoud hebben en zeker niet allemaal archiefbescheiden bevatten die onder het beroepsgeheim vallen, is het in de eerste plaats nodig het type archief waarrond dit onderzoek draait goed te definiëren. Daarna wordt gekeken naar de eigenlijke inhoud van de advocatenarchieven die relevant waren voor dit onderzoek. Aan de hand hiervan werd een niet-exhaustieve typologie van archiefstukken, aanwezig in zaak- en cliëntdossiers binnen een advocatenarchief, opgesteld.
Het beroepsgeheim van de advocaat en privacybescherming zijn de twee belangrijkste aspecten van een advocatenarchief waarmee een archiefinstelling rekening dient te houden. Het beroepsgeheim van de advocaat heeft binnen de Belgische context een absoluut karakter. Dit houdt in dat het onbeperkt in de tijd blijft gelden, zelfs na overlijden van zowel de cliënt als zijn raadsman. Bovendien is het een wettelijke en contractuele verplichting die de advocaat ten opzichte van zijn cliënt en bij uitbreiding, ten opzichte van de democratische rechtsstaat, dient na te komen. In theorie mogen archiefstukken die gebonden zijn aan het beroepsgeheim dus nooit vrijgegeven worden. Binnen de rechtsleer gaan er echter stemmen op voor een versoepeling van het beroepsgeheim en bijgevolg af te stappen van dit absolute karakter. Het beroepsgeheim heeft ook niet in alle landen ter wereld een dergelijke absolute invulling. In verschillende (Europese) landen is het voor cliënten mogelijk hun advocaat te ontheffen van zijn beroepsgeheim, waarna de advocaat vrijuit mag spreken. Een dergelijke invulling van het beroepsgeheim is voor een land als België dus zeker niet onmogelijk.

Już w chwili powstania Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej (IPN) w połowie 2000 r. było pewne, iż jego działalność powinna wykraczać poza granice Polski. Możliwość aktywności na forum międzynarodowym została zapisana wprost w ustawie o Instytucie z grudnia 1998 r. W art. 28 jest mowa o tym, że prezes IPN może zwracać się do wszelkich osób lub instytucji zagranicznych o pomoc w udostępnianiu dokumentów. Z kolei w art. 53 odnoszącym się do funkcji badawczych i edukacyjnych zapisano, iż Instytut " upowszechnia w kraju i za granicą wyniki swojej pracy oraz badań innych instytucji, organizacji i osób nad problematyką stanowiącą przedmiot jego działania ". W efekcie w latach 2000–2015 IPN podpisał kilkadziesiąt bilateralnych umów o współpracy z partnerami zagranicznymi, starał się reagować na opinie krzywdzące Polaków i pomniejszające ich wkład w budowę demokratycznego ładu Europy, zorganizował szereg międzynarodowych konferencji naukowych, prezentował za granicą publikacje i wystawy, prowadził akcje edukacyjne i aktywnie wspierał Polonię. Istotnym aspektem międzynarodowej aktywności IPN były inicjatywy podejmowane przez pion archiwalny. Aby jednak z perspektywy ostatnich kilkunastu lat dokonać ich przynajmniej wstępnego bilansu, należy najpierw określić, jak kształtowały się główne kierunki działań Archiwum Instytutu w tym zakresie w latach 2000–2015. Jeśli za podstawowe kryterium zostanie przyjęty sformalizowany i planowy charakter współpracy międzynarodowej, realizowany głównie na podstawie zawartych umów i porozumień, to należy wymienić trzy podstawowe obszary takiej aktywności Archiwum IPN: 1) bilateralna współpraca naukowa; 2) pomoc w zabezpieczeniu polskich zbiorów archiwalnych za granicą; 3) wymiana i pozyskiwanie kopii dokumentów z archiwów zagranicznych.

Hospital de Todos-os-Santos [All Saints Hospital] received since 1504 - the year the Regimento [rules of procedure] were approved - the abandoned or orphaned children of the city. Minors were placed in the Hospital wheel so this institution would foster, support, and educate them. Since 1564 the Hospital administration was entrusted to the Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Lisboa. Some years later, in the aftermath of the devastating earthquake on November 1, 1755, that Confraternity took on the direct responsibility for assisting unprotected children, creating the Hospital dos Expostos [Foundling Hospital].
Therefore, a considerable collection of documents (almost 200 linear metres) relating to the assistance of foundlings, covering a period dating back to the 17th century, is preserved in the Historical Archive of the Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Lisboa (AHSCML). This collection includes different archival series, with common and complementary information.
Some of these series are rare, such as the foundling tokens, which consist in handwritten notes that were left with some children when they were placed on the wheel. Sometimes these documents were accompanied by other pieces of various types.

Referências:
FLORES, Daniel. Archivematica/RDC-Arq: o que muda(ou) nos setores de Arquivo Permanente e nas Instituições Arquivísticas? Palestra. Brasília - DF. 39 slides, color, Padrão Slides Google Drive/Docs 4x3. Material elaborado para Palestra no Brasília Imperial Hotel, no evento de Lançamento de Guia de Instalação e Configuração do Archivematica/AtoM. 22 de agosto de 2017. Disponível em: <http://documentosdigitais.blogspot.com>. Acesso em: 22 de agosto de 2017.

Citação com autor incluído no texto:
Flores (2017)
Citação com autor não incluído no texto:
(FLORES, 2017)

This paper presents an overview of the classical era of music in the Philippines and the pre-war art music manuscript collection of the University of the Philippines (UP) College of Music that needs immediate preservation and restoration. The music scores included in this collection were created by renowned Filipino composers and National Artists for Music. It also discusses the initiatives done by the university and concerned faculty members and students to prolong the life and usability of these music scores, as they are still always being played in concert halls. This kind of archival music manuscripts restoration project is the first in the university since the UP College of Music Library does not have its own conservation facility. A simple laboratory was set up by the project proponents and the restoration process involves digital imaging of the originals, evaluation and documentation, deacidification, cleaning, mending, encapsulation and boxing/binding.

Fundamentando-se em recentes reflexões desenvolvidas na área da Arquivologia, notadamente no conjunto cada vez mais expressivo de trabalhos elaborados acerca das vantagens do emprego
da análise tipológica nos vários segmentos do processamento documental, a proposta busca contribuir para os estudos tipológicos dos documentos administrativos que estruturaram a
burocracia do império luso-brasileiro entre os anos de 1808 e 1821, período em que ocorreram a instalação e a consecutiva consolidação da Corte de D. João no Brasil. Objetiva-se, assim, auxiliar arquivistas no cumprimento das tarefas de organização documental e de disseminação da informação, bem como contribuir para a elaboração de glossários e de outros subsídios essenciais aos pesquisadores do tema.

This paper reads Roger Simon’s concept of “transactional memory” in relationship to D.W. Winnicott’s theory of the “transitional space” to examine the emotional dimensions of making historical significance. Drawing on a personal memory ofarchival study with Simon, I suggest that his attention to the ethical qualities of remembrance at the same time offers a theoryof remembrance as a work of creative play that sets into motion the painful and hopeful process of working through the anguish ofloss.

En el Archivo General de Ceuta se custodia el fondo de la Santa y Real Hermandad y Casa de la Misericordia, fundada en Ceuta en el paso del siglo XV al XVI a imitación de las existentes en Portugal. Su documentación es importantísima para los estudios sociales, económicos y genealógicos locales