Electrical Engineering

In this paper, the issues of Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI) and its suppression in a Power Electronic System is presented. Different noises especially common mode noise and differential mode noise are analysed. A Boost PFC circuit employing ZVT technique is analysed and then an EMI filter is designed in the input side of PFC converter to protect the converter from

Power quality has become an important factor in power systems, for consumer and household appliances with proliferation of various electric/ electronic equipment and computer systems. The main causes of a poor power quality are harmonic currents, poor power factor, supply voltage variations, etc. In recent years the demand for the quality of electric power has been increased rapidly. Power quality problems have received a great attention nowadays because of their impacts on both utilities and customers. Voltage sag, swell, momentary interruption, under voltages, over voltages, noise and harmonics are the most common power quality disturbances.It proposes a new connection for a unified power quality compensator (UPQC) to improve the power quality of two feeders in a distribution system. It illustrates how UPQC can improve the power quality by mitigating all these PQ disturbances. The proposed configuration of the UPQC is developed and verified for various power quality disturbances by simulating the mode using MATLAB.

Saat ini pemerintah Indonesia memiliki visi untuk menjadikan Indonesia sebagai poros maritim dunia. Nelayan merupakan salah satu pilar penting dalam pembangunan Indonesia sebagai poros maritim dunia, karena nelayan merupakan kelompok masyarakat yang setiap hari selalu berhubungan dengan laut. Nelayan membutuhkan beberapa informasi untuk mendukung aktivitas penangkapan ikan. Informasi tersebut antara lain adalah informasi daerah penangkapan ikan, informasi cuaca, informasi harga ikan, informasi dinamika laut. Selama ini, informasi-informasi tersebut berasal dari berbagai sumber. Sistem informasi nelayan pintar ini mengintegrasikan informasi-informasi dalam satu sistem berupa aplikasi berbasis android. Untuk mengenalkan teknologi ini kepada nelayan, maka pada tahun 2015 ini dilakukan sosialisasi sistem informasi nelayan pintar di 30 pelabuhan perikanan di Indonesia.

The Increasing pace of Industrialization throughout the world has brought with It a serious, and ever Increasing threat from air pollution. It Is true that this threat Is being taken seriously, and that many responsible research workers, government advisers and others are working towards Its reduction. But air pollution seems to have something of the nature of a hydra-headed monster: tackle one problem and another immediately grows to take its place. Actions taken sometimes have results that are far from what was envisioned, sometimes even seeming to make the problem worse.

In "The Forgotten Pollution", Roos shows clearly and In an often entertaining way, how many of the "unexpected" side effects of pollution by waste gases and particles can be explained by paying attention to the electrical activity of the atmosphere and the earth.
Using an Instrument, which he has developed the Electrostatic Charged Aerosol Monitor (ECAM), together with other instruments and reference to the literature, much of it dating back to the early days of science, when electrostatics was appreciated as a science more than It Is today, Roos has succeeded In explaining many hitherto "puzzling" phenomena in a clear, simple and intellectually satisfying way.

The augmentation in electricity demand, power system privatization as well as efficacy of renewable resources has paved the way for power system companies and researchers to exploit the field of grid connected distributed generation (DG) and its issues, islanding being a dominant one. Several research works have been conducted to mitigate the issues of islanding detection (ID). In context of this, the paper gives a comprehensive review of islanding issues, standard test systems, criteria and shifting of research trends in islanding detection methods (IDMs). The significant contributions pertain to categorization of IDMs, evaluation of non-detection zone (NDZ) for each test system, disquisition on evolution and advancement of IDMs and its comparisons based on criteria such as NDZ, run on time, nuisance tripping percentage, applicability in multi DG system and implementation cost to draw out the strength and shortcomings of individual methods that will come to aid to the companies or researchers for establishing the applicability and appropriateness of such method for their concerned domain.

Washington State University physicists have found a way to write an electrical circuit into a crystal, opening up the possibility of transparent, three-dimensional electronics that, like an Etch A Sketch, can be erased and reconfigured. [23] A new technique developed by MIT researchers reveals the inner details of photonic crystals, synthetic materials whose exotic optical properties are the subject of widespread research. [22] In experiments at SLAC, intense laser light (red) shining through a magnesium oxide crystal excited the outermost " valence " electrons of oxygen atoms deep inside it. [21] LCLS works like an extraordinary strobe light: Its ultrabright X-rays take snapshots of materials with atomic resolution and capture motions as fast as a few femtoseconds, or millionths of a billionth of a second. For comparison, one femtosecond is to a second what seven minutes is to the age of the universe. [20] A 'nonlinear' effect that seemingly turns materials transparent is seen for the first time in X-rays at SLAC's LCLS. [19] Leiden physicists have manipulated light with large artificial atoms, so-called quantum dots. Before, this has only been accomplished with actual atoms. It is an important step toward light-based quantum technology. [18] In a tiny quantum prison, electrons behave quite differently as compared to their counterparts in free space. They can only occupy discrete energy levels, much like the electrons in an atom-for this reason, such electron prisons are often called "artificial atoms". [17] When two atoms are placed in a small chamber enclosed by mirrors, they can simultaneously absorb a single photon. [16] Optical quantum technologies are based on the interactions of atoms and photons at the single-particle level, and so require sources of single photons that are highly indistinguishable – that is, as identical as possible. Current single-photon sources using semiconductor quantum dots inserted into photonic structures produce photons that are ultrabright but have limited indistinguishability due to charge noise, which results in a fluctuating electric field. [14]

A  base-4  leading  zero  detector  (LZD)  design  is  proposed  in  this  paper.  The  design  is  similar  to  the
approach  originally  proposed  by  V.G.  Oklobdzija  with  a  different  technique.  The  circuit  modules  used  in
the  base-4  LZD  approach  are  designed  and  several  N-bit  LZD  circuits  are  implemented  with  a  standard-
cell  realization  in  the  Taiwan  Semiconductor  Manufacturing  Company  (TSMC)  0.65um  CMOS  process.
The  performance  and  layout  area  of  the  base-4  LZD  realization  is  compared  for  implementations  that
contain only 4-to-1 and 2-to-1 multiplexers

Electricity has become one of the basic requirements for human life, being widely used for domestic, industrial and agricultural purposes. In our work, we propose a digital energy meter which measures the energy consumption and the energy measured is transmitted periodically to the remote server or user or electricity board so that energy consumption can be monitored from remote end. Additionally an important concept used here is the IoT (Internet of Things). It objective is to generate bill automatically by checking the electricity unit's consumption in a house and in a way to reduce the manual labor. The calculations are performed automatically and the bill is updated on the internet by using a network of Internet of Things Iot is an emerging system with unique identifiers and having the ability to transfer data over a network without human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. Here using IoT the meter readings are uploaded into our specific web page for remote monitoring.

This paper presents a method for classification and location of transmission line faults based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Although for fault classification prefault and postfault three phase currents samples taken at one end of transmission line are used as ANN inputs, for location of faults post fault samples of both current and voltages of three phases are required. Simulation studies have been carried out extensively on two power system models: one in which the transmission line is fed from one end and another, in which the transmission line is fed from two ends. Different types of faults at different operating conditions have been considered for carrying out simulation studies. The simulation results presented confirm the feasibility of the proposed approach.

Para la resolución de sistemas y circuitos lineales invariables en el tiempo existen dos métodos ampliamente conocidos: 1. Método de resolución en el dominio del tiempo, a través de ecuaciones integro-diferenciales donde la función de transferencia describe la respuesta en el dominio del tiempo. 2. Método de resolución en el dominio de la frecuencia, a través de la Transformada de Laplace, donde la función de transferencia se expresa en forma de polinomios (rectangulares o polares) la cual describe la respuesta en el dominio de la frecuencia. El primero de los métodos ofrece una solución precisa. El siguiente estudio utiliza el segundo método de resolución ubicando las constantes de tiempo de la ecuación característica en el lugar geométrico de raíces o plano complejo de frecuencias S, que no son más que el inverso de las constantes de tiempo o polos dominantes del circuito o sistema. Este método ofrece una solución más rápida y muy cercana a la primera. A través del análisis de las constantes de tiempo de un circuito podemos inferir los polos dominante del circuito y la interacción entre los mismos, estos determinarán el factor de calidad Q y la existencia o no de puntos de resonancia determinados por la ecuación Qr=Qo/(1+Qz) desarrollada a través del denominado plano Complejo de Calidades.

An efficient and new but non-intrusive method to detect the fluctuation in gear load may be the motor current signature analysis (MCSA). In this paper, a multi-stage transmission gearbox (with and without defects) has been studied in order to replace the conventional vibration monitoring by MCSA. It has been observed through FFT analysis that low frequencies of the vibration signatures have sidebands across line frequency of the motor current whereas high frequencies of vibration signature are difficult to be detected. Hence, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is suggested to decompose the current signal, and FFT analysis is carried out with the decomposed current signal to trace the sidebands of the high frequencies of vibration

Increasing Human Energy is reconsidered through a historical and conceptual review of the most important currents of electromagnetism and atomic theory. New alternatives are considered, and a Unified Aether is shown to be Plasma-Electromagnetism. Mainstream cosmology's historical development is shown to be lacking in rationalism in key non-Electric arenas. Magnetics are further revised and the possibility of an all Magnetic Universe is considered, and then re-unified with the PEMF. Energy production methods are proposed which rely on the PEMF.

This paper is described to measure energy consumption in the house. This can help in reducing energy consumption in house as the owner is continuously being notified about the number of units that are consumed. Consumers are not satisfied with the services of power companies. Thus we are trying to present an idea towards the minimization of technical errors and to reduce human dependency at the same time. Theft of electricity increases the costs paid by customers and can have serious safety consequences. A proposed method provides the communication between the Electricity Board section and the consumer section using Internet of things (IOT) for transmitting the customer's electricity consumption and bill information that is calculated using ATmega328 microcontroller. The power and billing information is continuously transmitted by the use of Internet of Things and monitored by the Electricity Board section. WIFI performs the IOT operation where and through which the information is sent to the Web server. This data is then transmitted to the server unit at MSEB. The power consumption can be checked by the owner anywhere globally also. The snap of energy meter is sent on email. Also power theft can be detected if any tampering happens it will send the information to the server and alert SMS to the owner as well as it will cut the electricity automatically. The internet is connected to meter and it counts the pulses from it and displays it over the LCD display. The meter reading can be obtained at zero cost. This system not only reduces the labour cost but also increase meter reading accuracy and save hugs amount of time. In this way we can reduce human efforts needed to record the meter readings which are till now recorded by visiting every home individually.

The thesis deals with the analysis of Construction of Power Lines and Substation Switchyard of 33/11 KV. In today's life electricity plays a very vital role. The demand of electricity is being increased day by day. Therefore many new projects are being introduced not only in town as well as in remote areas also to provide the facilities of electricity by Constructing new transmission lines and Switchyard.

В монографії викладені теоретичні основи високовольтних техноло-гій у морській електроінженерії, вимоги класифікаційних товариств до морсь-кого високовольтного електроустаткування, основи безпечної експлуатації високовольтного електроустаткування, конструктивні особливості побудови електроенергетичних систем, систем захисту, а також процедури обслугову-вання і тестування електрообладнання напругою вище за 1000 вольт.
Матеріал монографії повністю охоплює вимоги мінімального стан-дарту компетентності Кодексу ПДНВ А-ІІІ/6 щодо підготовки суднових еле-ктромеханіків з компетенції «Експлуатація та технічне обслуговування сило-вих систем з напругою більше ніж 1000 вольт» та А-III/5 щодо підготовки суднових механіків з компетенції «Електрообладнання, електронна апарату-ра і системи управління на допоміжному рівні».
Монографія призначена для науково-педагогічних працівників, які займаються викладанням навчальних курсів з високовольтних технологій, інженерно-технічних працівників, для здобувачів вищої освіти зі спеціальнос-ті 271 «Річковий та морський транспорт» спеціалізацій: 271.03 «Експлуатація суднового електрообладнання і засобів автоматики» та 271.02 «Управління судновими технічними системами і комплексами», а також для суднового інженерно-технічного персоналу, що проходить, за вимогами безпечної екс-плуатації суднового високовольтного електричного устаткування, спеціаль-ний курс High Voltage Safety and Operational Procedures.
Схвалено рішенням Вченої ради НУ «ОМА» від 25.06.2020, Прото-кол № 9.

An assignment on development of Cellular mobile communication Generations, Namely, From 0 G to 5 G. Including a briefing on GSM, EDGE, AMPS, GPRS, And all others categories related to this field. This is totally a briefing that was just created in 15 min. ;)

https://journalistethics.com/
Free book available for download at this web page.
This book is about the NESARA Bill and its connection to a Global Currency Reset. This book investigates NESARA's connection to Donald Trump's "Drain the Swamp" electioneering mantra.
Regards
Jay
Dr Jay Jericho
Author

Key words : NESARA GESARA Global Currency Reset
The National Economic Stabilization and Recovery Act
National Economic Security and Reformation Act

Finite control set ModelPredictive control (FCS-MPC) with the principle of considering all voltage vectors to find the optimal voltage vector for multilevel inverter in a very small sampling cycle is hardly feasible because there is no modulation part, the implementation of optimizing common-mode voltage and switching number for the multilevel inverter should be performed in the cost function. To solve the above problem, this paper proposes an improved method of model predictive current control selecting 19 adjacent voltage vectors and using weighting coefficients for common-mode voltage elimination and switching optimization. By using a discrete-time model of the system to predict the future value of the current for the voltage vector in the previous sampling cycle and its 18 adjacent voltage vectors, the one that minimizes a cost function will be selected. Thus, in a multilevel inverter with any number of levels, the cost function is performed only 19 times in a sampling cycle. Th...

Glosario de términos ................................. Cubierta Frontal
Cálculos de la carga térmica en
refrigeración comercial ................................................... 1-4
Ejemplos de cálculos para cámaras
por arriba de 32°F (0°C) .................................................5-6
Ejemplos de cálculos para cámaras
por abajo de 32°F (0°C) ................................................ 7-8
Cálculo rápido de la carga térmica
para refrigeradores y congeladores grandes ...................... 9
Selección del equipo de refrigeración ............................ 10
Tipo de Operación / Flujo de Aire ................................... 11
Factores de Reducción ................................................... 11
Instrucciones generales ................................................. 12
Ubicación del Evaporador ................................. 13
Diámetros de las tuberías de refrigerante ...................... 22
Carta Psicométrica ................................................... 35-37
Guía de selección rápida ..................................................38

This Paper explores and summarises the Director's Duties of the UK Companies Act 2006 with emphasis on "the duty to promote the success of the company.

Tags:
Companies Act 2006 model articles, Companies Act 2006 summary
companies act 2006 pdf
companies act 2006 model articles
companies act 2006 regulations 2013
Companies Act 2006 UK
UK Companies Act 2006

The tutorials are listed in alphabetical order, but if you are new to electronics, I would recommend to start with DC Theory.

Wayne Storr has created a very good set of tutorials, ranging from DC- and AC-Theory over the basic devices Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor and Diode to Transistors and Operational Amplifiers and to circuits like Amplifiers, Oscillators and Waveform Generators and Filters. Digital topics are also covered, ranging from the Binary System, Boolean Algebra, Logic Gates to Combination Logic, Sequential Logic and Counters.

Each tutorial consists of about 5 to 15 consecutive pages which should be read one after another. The tutorials are independent of each other, but if you are new to electronics you might find it useful to look at them in the order in which I have listed them in the last paragraph. On the homepage the tutorials are listed in alphabetical order, but going through them in that order does not make much sense.

The tutorials do not assume prior electronics knowledge of the reader. For a few pages of the tutorial, the knowledge of a bit of mathematics would be useful, for example in the DC-Theory tutorial the advanced methods of circuit analysis require linear algebra. But even without this you can understand most of the tutorial. The AC-Theory tutorial contains a good explanation of the necessary trigonometry, and also of complex numbers (for a more in-depth treatment of this topic, please take a look at the resources on my Complex Numbers page).

If you work through the tutorials you will quickly gain a good basic knowledge of electronics. But if the pace of the tutorials is too fast for you, try Lessons In Electric Circuits (allaboutcircuits) by Kuphaldt - it will take more time to work through them, but they might be easier for the absolute beginner. By the way, the allaboutcircuits forum that is associated with Kuphaldt’s book, is a very good place to ask if you have questions about any topic in the tutorials.

Storr is also writing a Blog that contains some additional topics, some of them a bit more advanced than those that are covered in the tutorials. In some posts he explains questions that readers have emailed to him. It is probably best to look first at the tutorials and then at the blog, if you are hungry for more information.
http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/blog/author/snowgoose-2/feed

The increasing wind power generation requires the updating of the computational tools that support decision making in the operation and planning of electric power systems. This work describes a methodology to model the spatial correlations among wind speeds probability distributions in probabilistic power flow. The proposed methodology is based on Nataf transformation and Monte Carlo Simulation. The proposed methodology is illustrated in case studies with the IEEE 24 bus test system, highlighting the importance of adequately considering such correlations.