History of Women's Studies

RESUMEN: Este estudio se centra en la figura de Acilia Plecusa, una esclava que fue manumitida y contrajo un matrimonio legítimo con su propietario, Manius Acilius Fronto. Ellos eran originarios de la ciudad de Singilia Barba (Baetica) y formaron parte de una importante familia hispana del siglo II d. C. Los testimonios epigráficos nos muestran el destacado ascenso social de esta liberta que se encargó de costear inscripciones para homenajear tanto a sus familiares como a sus amigos más cercanos e influyentes.

ABSTRACT: This paper focuses on the figura of a freedwoman, Acilia Plecusa. She was a slave, but she was manumitted and got married to her owner, Manius Acilius Fronto. They were from Singilia Barba (Baetica) and belonged to an important family of the Second Century A. D. Inscriptions show us the outstanding social climbing of this freed woman, who took charge of financing the registrations to honour, not only her relatives, but also her closest and most influential friends.

In recent years, much ink has been spilt over the famous – although never thoroughly assessed – ruler of Palmyra. In 2005, the eminent Paul Veyne had already devoted a few insightful pages to the subject, with claims that are certainly open to debate, in one of his most enjoyable books.

In 1899, MIT chemist Ellen H. Richards (1842-1911) instigated a series of annual "Lake Placid Conferences" (1899-1908) that became known as the foundation of the home economics movement. Richards's first interest was in improving the household's well-being by using sanitary and nutrition sciences, an objective that was passed on to the movement. However, by the 1920s, home economists rather identified their field of expertise as the "science of consumption," emphasizing the idea of "rational consumption." My aim in this article is to give an account of how this shift in focus came about, by telling the story of the home economics movement founded by Richards. I examine how the movement problematized consumption by highlighting its relationship, and perception of itself, regarding economics. I argue that the concept of consumption was central to the structuring of the movement from its beginning and allowed home economists to claim it as their field of expertise because, as they believed, economists were not addressing the issue.

Le XIXe siècle passe comme une époque où l'Empire Ottoman subit des changements administratifs et sociaux. Outre le changement structurel de l'État, de nombreux changements sont observés dans le domaine social. La musique est l'un des changements sociaux. Avec l'acceptation de la musique occidentale dans les terres ottomanes, le piano, qui est (l'instrument) le plus important de ce genre musical, s'est répandu dans le palais ottoman et parmi les «citoyens ottomans» comme symbole de l'apparence européenne et de l'esthétique musicale. Ces vents de changement incluent également la femme ottomane. Les femmes sultanes, les filles des hommes d'État et les familles aisées commenceront à recevoir des formations en piano par des professeurs privés. Le retour à la musique facilitera l'insertion des femmes dans la vie sociale. La femme ottomane talentueuse montrera son habileté a pouvoirjouer au piano.On decouvrerades pianistes et compositrices exceptionnelles au palais et au sein de la communauté. Cette étude vise à expliquer le retour de la musique ottomane avec l'utilisation du piano et ses bienfaits au niveau social par les femmes ottomanes, jouant du piano.

Artículo que estudia la participación política y asociativa de la derecha femenina durante la Segunda República a través del partido conservador y católico Acción Femenina Leonesa (AFL). Esta agrupación, encuadrada en la CEDA (Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas), fue fundada por la diputada e Inspectora de Primera Enseñanza Francisca Bohigas Gavilanes. Se abordan aspectos como el discurso ideológico y de género, la organización y expansión de la AFL, sus problemáticas internas, así como el pensamiento de su presidenta y lider.

Woman constitutes the key role in the Indian society. Women in ancient India enjoyed high status in society and their condition was good. The Ancient and medieval status of women in modern Indian society regarding Equality, Education, Marriage and Family life, Race and Gender, Religion and Culture is maintained or deteriorated. The Vedic women had economic freedom. Some women were engaged in teaching work. Home was the place of production. Spinning and weaving of clothes were done at home. Women also helped their husbands in agricultural pursuit. In the religious field, wife enjoyed full rights and regularly participated in religious ceremonies with her husband. Religious ceremonies and sacrifices were performed jointly by the husband and wife. Women even participated actively in religious discourses. The status of women improved a little during the Buddhist period though there was no tremendous change. The role of women in Ancient Indian Literature is immense. Ancient India had many learned ladies. The Medieval period (Period between 500 A.D to 1500 A.D) proved to be highly disappointing for the Indian women, for their status further deteriorated during this period. Through this study we come to the conclusion that as the women has equal participation in human development. She is half of the human race. But she lacks in society. Women are not treated with respect as in the Ancient Indian society. Lot of crime against women is seen in the modern society. The Constitutional provisions are not sufficient to get the

O artigo, comemorativo da Revolução dos Cravos 40 anos depois, na Universidade de Varsóvia (e mais anos ainda, provocados pelas tramitações de publicação)  trata das mulheres que no dealbar da década de 70 do século passado optaram por uma luta clandestina, desenvolvendo a atividade propagandística, preparação das greves, colocação das bombas nos quartéis, ministérios e instituições fascistas. Mencionam-se os vultos femininos arquetípicos e desconhecidos para a história das mulheres em Portugal. A perspectiva metodológica é histórica (dentro da história das mentalidades), com alguma sugestão para literatura e outras artes (inclusive rupestres).

Doña Leonor Manrique de Sotomayor, condesa de Niebla, fue una de esas grandes figuras femeninas a la que la historiografía no ha prestado la atención que merece. Tras el fallecimiento de su marido y su suegro, tuvo que ponerse al frente de una de las casas nobiliarias más importantes de la monarquía española. Desde 1558 hasta 1570, gobernó con gran determinación los designios de los estados de la Casa de Medina Sidonia. Una vez que su hijo don Alonso alcanzó la mayoría de edad, decidió retirarse al convento de dominicas de Madre de Dios, sito en Sanlúcar de Barrameda, donde construyó sus propios aposentos y reformó la mayor parte del monasterio.

The paper starts by discussing the renewal of classics and the new approaches to study the presence of women during gladiators’ combats, in the context of postmodernity. It turns then to the issues relating the use of literature and Epigraphy for the historical study of the ancient world. As a case study, the paper focus in Juvenal’s Satires and gladiators’ funerary commemorations (epitaphs) and it aims to study female presence in the Roman arena. The paper concludes by stressing how identities were fluid and rife with conflict during the Roman Empire.


O artigo começa por discutir a renovação dos estudos clássicos e as mudanças de abordagens sobre a presença das mulheres nas lutas de gladiadores, no contexto da pós-modernidade. Volta-se, em seguida, para o uso da literatura e Epigrafia para o estudo da História do mundo antigo. Como estudo de caso, o artigo analisa trechos de Juvenal e lápides funerárias no contexto da luta de gladiadores com o intuito de aproximar esses temas tratados separadamente pela historiografia. O artigo conclui-se enfatizando as identidades fluidas e contraditórias.

Dentro del repertorio de acciones colectivas del siglo XX, la protesta popular que irrumpió en diferentes ciudades del Ecuador y echó del poder al gobierno liberal de Arroyo del Río, en mayo de 1944, a partir de la confluencia de una coalición de partidos políticos de muy diferentes orientaciones, y organizaciones de la sociedad civil, encarna de manera particular un momento de importante agitación social, el tiempo en el que el ejercicio de la política transmutó en irrupción de lo extraordinario. En este marco de acontecimientos se demanda el retorno de Velasco Ibarra, “el gran ausente”, quien asume el poder por segunda ocasión. Aquella coyuntura alentó una serie de imaginarios de transformación social, política y cultural que incidieron ulteriormente en la vida nacional.
Las contribuciones que el lector tiene ahora en sus manos fueron, en su momento, expuestas en un foro de debate llamado “A setenta años de la Gloriosa: la revolución que no fue”, convocado por el área de Historia de la Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Sede Ecuador, y realizado entre los días 27 y 28 de mayo de 2014.

В статье рассматривается важная категория иноков русских монастырей эпохи Средневековья – соборные старцы. Если ранее в историографии они рассматривались исключительно на материале мужских монастырей, то в данной работе впервые специально изучается этот церковный и административный феномен жизни женских обителей. Показано, что численность, происхождение, статус и функции соборных стариц женских монастырей в целом были аналогичны старцам мужских обителей. Исследование основано на материале монастырских актов, приходо-расходных книг, летописных и иных источников. Особое внимание уделено лучше сохранившимся данным суздальского Покровского и московского Новодевичьева монастырей.
The article deals with the important category of the Russian monks in the Middle Ages – the elders. Earlier in the historiography they were considered only on the materials of the monasteries. In this article this church and administrative phenomenon is examined on the material of the convents. The author shows that the number, origin, status and functions of the elder nuns were similar to the elders. The research is based on the convent’s acts, records of income and expenses, chronicles and other historical sources. Much attention is paid to the well-represented data of the Suzdal Pokrovsky and the Moscow Novodevichy convents.

In this paper I analyze the working process of the Canadian and Argentinian textile industry between 1888 and 1951. Based in Buenos Aires and Montreal as case studies, these two cities concentrated the textile industry in the two countries. I approach this historical process from a gender, social history and economic perspective, doing an original research of the working process since I include the unpaid domestic work as part of it.
The starting point of this analysis is that capitalism is patriarchal. One of the main conclusions of this work is that the women workers had not two workdays (unpaid domestic work and workday), but only one extended workday that included the domestic work and their work in the factory, for which they received a minimum paid. These workdays had a duration of roughly 14 or 18 hours in Canada or Argentina, respectively. Finally, in this work I demonstrate that gender relationships cannot be excluded of the study of the working process.

La SIS è ente accreditato per la formazione e l'aggiornamento docenti ai sensi della D.M. 170/2016 e rilascia un attestato di partecipazione valido ai fini formativi. L'iscrizione, gratuita, deve essere effettuata sulla piattaforma SOFIA (ID 70263 Il convegno si terrà sulla piattaforma Zoom. La partecipazione è libera.

The life of Giulia Gonzaga – a leading figure in a delicate time of transition in 16th-century Italian political, cultural and religious history – brings this period and its dramatic turning-points alive. A favoured disciple of Juan de Valdés and at the centre of his group of followers, as well as a loyal friend of the protonotary Pietro Carnesecchi, who was condemned for heresy and executed, Giulia Gonzaga was strongly tied to her class, her powerful dynasty and to family and political intrigues. Under the shadow of her family, she enjoyed a heterodox experience shared by many others, men and women alike, who were protagonists of an intellectual and spiritual dissent that was harshly repressed by the Church of Rome.

Through the life of a woman, this book recounts the shifts in the political balance of power in Italy in the early years of Spanish dominion and how they mixed with religious dissent and with attempts to change the direction of the Church. It also recounts the relationships, friendships and solidarities of an aristocracy, male and female, that sought to play a role in the bitter conflicts that had emerged in Italian society as the Reformation spread throughout Europe.

Maria Cristina, principessa del Regno di Sardegna e regina del Regno delle Due Sicilie avviò un’impresa per la produzione della seta in cui dava lavoro e dignità a tante persone indigenti, perlopiù donne.  Con questa impresa e un progetto di istruzione la regina mirava a restituire alle donne la sovranità sulla propria vita. Nella seteria a San Leucio, vicino a Caserta, promulgò uno statuto che ha fatto parlare certi storici di «comunismo» borbonico: eguali diritti ereditari per uomini e donne, libertà assoluta per le giovani di contrarre matrimonio senza il consenso dei genitori, istruzione obbligatoria, una casa per gli orfani, una magistratura elettiva, una serie di attività e risorse con una gestione collettivizzata.

Moğol Dönemi İran'ında Kadın" adlı yapıt, dünyanın önemli mongolistlerinden Prof. Dr. Şîrîn Beyânî’nin kıymetli yapıtlarından sadece biridir. Eser, gerek içerdiği bilgilerin özgünlüğü, gerekse kullanılan yöntem bakımından hayli dikkate değerdir. Ortadoğu kültür araştırmalarına olduğu kadar günümüzde önemli yere sahip kadın çalışmalarına da tarihsel bir perspektif sunmaktadır.
Eser, genelde Moğol, özelde ise İlhanlı (İran Moğolları) döneminde kadının tarihsel bağlamdaki çok yönlü varlığını, dönemin kaynakları ışığında ele almaktadır. Bu zaman diliminde kadının toplum, ekonomi ve yönetim mekanizmalarının hangi alanlarında, ne şekilde var olduğu ve faaliyet gösterdiği, eserin başat sorunsalıdır.
Kadının söz konusu devredeki konumunu, özellikle İslâmiyet’ten sonraki süreçteki ile mukayeseye tabi tutan Beyânî, İran kadınının hiçbir zaman Türk ve Moğol dönemlerindeki kadar yüksek mevki ve itibar sahibi olmadığını sık sık vurgulamakta; muasır kaynaklardan aktardığı verilerle bu iddiasını desteklemektedir.
Türkçeye kazandırdığımız bu değerli eserin, gerek mongolistik ve hatta Türk tarihi çalışmalarına, gerekse kadın konulu araştırmalara katkı sağlayacağını düşünüyoruz.

Resumen:
En este trabajo, a través de un recorrido por las diferentes etapas de su vida, se reivindica el papel de Plotina Augusta como mujer de estado y no solo como esposa imperial. Para ello se realiza una comparación, desde los distintos puntos de vista de la bibliografía tradicional y reciente, de los datos acerca de su figura procedentes de las fuentes literarias y los documentos epigráficos, numismáticos y papirológicos.

Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to analyze, through a biographical tour at different stages of her life, the role of Plotina Augusta as a woman of state and not only as imperial wife. In order to show the different views on her from the traditional and the most recent literature it will be carried out a comparison of the data collected from literary, epigraphic, numismatic and papyrological sources.
Keywords: gender, Trajan, Hadrian, imperial domus, politics.