Mechanical Engineering

This paper is the second part of a three part work about surface aerator design for aquaculture. In this work, the rotors for oxygen mass transfer developed in the first part were tested. Tests were conducted on 23 different rotor configurations defined by the type of propeller, the inlet and exit angles of the blades and the percentage of immersion. The " Kinetic 3 " propeller—designed using the criteria of an axial flow pump with a diameter of 94 mm, an inlet angle of 11 • and an exit angle of 25 • —yielded the highest aeration efficiency at 10 • C: 1.769 kg O 2 /kWh (SAE = 1.805 kg O 2 /kWh). The Conrad propeller—designed using other criteria—with a diameter of 104 mm, an inlet angle of 25 • and an exit angle of 12 • , yielded the highest value for the global mass transfer coefficient at 10 • C: 3.249 h −1 .

Analysis, Manmit Salunke, Rushikesh Kate, Vishwas Lomate, Gajanan Sopal, Journal Impact Factor (2015): 8.8293 Calculated by GISI (www.jifactor.Com) ABSTRACT Mold flow simulation helps designers to see how their designs will be resulted after injection molding process without needing to do the Injection Molding process. The use of simulation programs saves time and reduces the costs of the Molding system design. Injection molding design simulation holds an important role in analyzing the outcome of the design. In this paper plastic toy building block part is analyzed and studied to solve the problems frequent rejections due to as shrinkage, weld lines, air traps, and sink marks. All the designs were simulated with Autodesk Mold flow Adviser. Autodesk Simulation Mold flow effectively eliminates the use of trial and error method by validating and optimizing the design of plastic before production. This not only improves the quality but also help us to guide about the selection of machines and the production planning.

A collaborative UK government-funded research project drawing on the design and sustainability expertise of the Department of Design and Technology at Loughborough University and the sustainability and product bank functions at The Boots Company set out to investigate the potential that refillable packaging systems can offer the consumer and the environment. In the past, refills have generally been categorized under one general heading and often branded as a failure. However, early in the project, the team identified that by taking a creative approach to interpreting refills, there are actually a wide range of different types of refills that can be differentiated with respect to their delivery approach and level of consumer/business interaction. Once these had been identified, collated and categorized, the team set out to investigate the consumer perceptions, and the business barriers and drivers found to influence the adoption and success of a number of different types of refillable packaging. This paper reports on those findings. It concludes that differentiating between refill types holds the key to developing more suitable and more successful refillable packaging systems as positive and negative attributes can be more accurately identified and responded to. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The increase in pipeline manufacturing for process industries calls automation of welding system (AWS) in tune with today's demand for accuracy in welding, increased productivity with lesser resources and enhanced profit. Manual welding results in more manpower requirement, low productivity, and low weld quality etc. Automatic welding removes all above problems thus making system itself superior to manual welding system. In this paper, automatic welding system is designed and developed for welding of 'V' Groove in Pipes. AWS based on Embedded / Microcontroller with mechanized output control system is developed for Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) technique. Moreover, system is simple and economical.

The papers published in these proceedings are presented in the Third International Seminar on Maintenance, Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics, to be arranged in Oulu, Finland, in 29th – 30th September, 2010.

Arranged by the University of Oulu and POHTO – The Institute for Management and Technological Training, the present seminar is supported by a variety of Finnish industrial enterprises.

ISBN 978-951-98113-5-2

An efficient and new but non-intrusive method to detect the fluctuation in gear load may be the motor current signature analysis (MCSA). In this paper, a multi-stage transmission gearbox (with and without defects) has been studied in order to replace the conventional vibration monitoring by MCSA. It has been observed through FFT analysis that low frequencies of the vibration signatures have sidebands across line frequency of the motor current whereas high frequencies of vibration signature are difficult to be detected. Hence, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is suggested to decompose the current signal, and FFT analysis is carried out with the decomposed current signal to trace the sidebands of the high frequencies of vibration

This paper describes a probabilistic approach to the problem of recognizing places based on their appearance. The system we present is not limited to localization, but can determine that a new observation comes from a previously unseen place, and so augment its map. Effectively this is a SLAM system in the space of appearance. Our probabilistic approach allows us to explicitly account for perceptual aliasing in the environment—identical but indistinctive observations receive a low probability of having come from the same place. We achieve this by learning a generative model of place appearance. By partitioning the learning problem into two parts, new place models can be learned online from only a single observation of a place. The algorithm complexity is linear in the number of places in the map,
and is particularly suitable for online loop closure detection in mobile robotics.

Rheological techniques are used to investigate the rejuvenation of aged bitumen. The thermal transition associated with the collapse of the compact structure constituted by asphaltene is determined by Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis. For aged bitumen, this transition shifts to a higher temperature but when rejuvenating agents are added, the transition returns to its original value. The “rutting factor,” G*/sin δ allows to define the maximum temperature the binder can reach without permanent deformation. The employed rejuvenating agents are suitable because permanent deformation is postponed. Viscosity results reveal that aged bitumen needs a high mixing temperature (>200°C) to behave like a fluid material able to wet, adhere, and envelop aggregates. The addition of rejuvenating agents considerably reduces mixing and compaction temperatures. The mixture of 80% aged bitumen—20% recycled motor oil, obtained exclusively from waste materials is an apt binder that can compete satisfactorily with new 60/70 bitumen.

In this work, we report the spectroscopic, thermal, and mechanical outcomes of epoxy reinforced sisal/flax (S/F) hybrid natural fiber composites. This work is intended to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of the sisal fibers in addition of the flax fibers. In recent years, natural fiber composites gained inclusive credit as a supernumerary to conventional synthetic composites for their superior ecological properties. Five different varieties of composite slabs i.e., 60% epoxy matrix and 40% of sisal/flax fibers were fabricated unidirectionally through a simple hand layout method by varying sisal and flax ratio as (40/0, 30/10, 20/20, 10/30, and 0/40) with a constant weight fraction as 0.4Wf. The X-ray Diffraction analysis was performed on the 50S/50F specimen and the crystallinity index is calculated as 42.84%. The spectroscopic and thermal studies were conducted on the 50S/50F sample and the chemical imprint of the composite is revealed by the strong peaks of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin along with amorphous and crystalline content of the FTIR data and is confirmed through the XRD data. The addition of flax fibers to sisal fibers showed a constructive improvement of thermal stability which is shown by the TG/DTA graph. In a three-stage degradation of sample, a maximum is observed at 334oC. The tensile, flexural, and impact tests of all the fabricated composite samples are performed and ultimate tensile strength of 165.2 N/mm2 for the 40S/0F composite with an elongation of 9.2% is noted. The ultimate flexural stress of 8.1 N/mm2 is observed in composite 10S/30F and composite 10S/30F has an excellent ability to absorb impact force of 1.2J energy. Based on the above results the manufactured composites exhibited higher thermal and mechanical properties showing a unique characteristic for different concentrations of flax fibers. Thus, the developed composites can be used individually for various applications based on the requirement of the end-user.