Urban History

Arşiv belgeleri bir devletin veya bir topluluğun yaşadığı döneme ışık tutan önemli kaynaklardır. Tarih bilimi açısından birincil kaynak olarak adlandırdığımız bu belgeler yazılış sebepleri ve ihtiva ettiği bilgiler bakımından farklı isimlerle literatürde yerlerini almışlardır. Tevârîh-i Âl-i’ler, Tahrir Defterleri, Mühimme Defterleri, Vakıf Defterleri ve Şer’iyye Sicilleri; Osmanlı devletinin idarî, siyasî, askerî, sosyal ve iktisadî yapısı hakkında bize yol gösteren önemli kaynaklardır. Bu ana kaynakların dışında farklı ihtivalarda (surname, ruznamçe vb.) birçok arşiv belgesi vardır. Fakat bizim önceliğimiz Osmanlı devletiyle hükmettiği toplum arasındaki hukuki, idari, sosyal ve iktisadi ilişkilerin nasıl yürütüldüğünü belgeleyen kadı sicillerinin önemini vurgulamaktır. Şer’iyye sicilleri Osmanlı devlet yapısı hakkında kesin bilgilerin ortaya konulması açısından elbette ki tek başına yeterli değildir. Ancak bireyin devletle, bireyin yöneticiyle veya bir topluluğun yönetenle, bireyi...

During the second parts of the nineteenth century and the first part of the twentieth century the middle class patriarch played an important role in the formation and transformation of the bourgeoisie in Sweden-especially in the upper middle class ...

Every day around the world our cities add 180,000 new citizens. By 2050, there will be a total of 3.5 billion new urban residents, which will represent a two-fold increase from current numbers. To understand each city´s own local dynamics, it is important to identify how inequalities are affecting their economic performance and what are the main obstacles to increasing social inclusion. Moreover, the role of local governments in the national development strategies of our countries should be enhanced, as they are placed in a central role to design and implement public policies that can open new ways for advancing a sustainable model of society that puts people at the center of development. The objective of CAF- Development Bank of Latin America- is to closely accompany authorities and provide them with practical tools that could support their managerial needs. In response to the importance of generating knowledge about good urban development practices, aligned with the New Urban Agen...

Tujuan Penelitian yaitu untuk menemukan, mendeskripsikan, dan menganalisis mengenai kemampuan SDM lokal dalam mengeloa lokasi wisata, untuk menemukan, mendeskripsikan, dan menganalisis upaya yang akan dilakukan dalam mengelola potensi wisata di lokasi wisata dan untuk menemukan, mendeskripsikan, dan menganalisis mengenai sarana prasarana yang ada di lokasi wisata. Metode analisis: penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisa deskriptif kualitatif dengan strategi fenomenologi dengan tehnik pengumpulan data yaitu kuesioner dan wawancara. Responden terdiri dari pengelola tandon Ciater dan dinas terkait. Tahapan dalam penelitian terdiri dari (1) Pra survey, studi literatur, (2) survey wawancara, dokumentasi dengan pengelola wisata Situ Tandon, (3) Interview dengan dinas terkait, (4) pengolahan data, penyusunan hasil. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa pengelolaan lokasi wisata belum efektif dapat dilihat dari (1) Lokasi wisata belum memiliki regulasi yang mengatur pengelolaan Wisata, be...

“History of the Lviv Archdiocese” (1614–1700) by Lviv canon Jan Tomasz Józefowicz is a comprehensive narrative of the history of Lviv and the East-Central Europe during the early modern period. It is being published in its entirety for the first time, based on the autograph in Latin and translated into Ukrainian. This historical chronicle was created by a Lviv Catholic who identified himself with the Polish community of the city but cared deeply about the fate of Lviv as the capital of the Lviv Latin Archdiocese. The author’s primary aim was to recount the ecclesiastical history but also devoted significant attention to the description and analysis of events in Ukrainian lands and the East-Central European region.

Delft University of Technology has a large, varied set of buildings in all kinds of forms and styles, distributed over an extensive campus. The buildings at Eindhoven University of Technology are typologically and architecturally homogeneous, and located closer together. The Eindhoven university was founded in the 1960s; the Delft university has a longer history, and hence an older stock of buildings. So what exactly are the differences and similarities between the Delft and Eindhoven buildings? Is there a typical ‘Delft’ and a typical ‘Eindhoven’ type of building? To what extent has the university of technology programme changed over the years, and do the old buildings differ from the new ones? And what issues arise when existing university buildings have to be reassigned to new purposes? These questions will be examined in the light of three comparative case studies on the basis of analytical drawings.De TU Delft heeft een groot en divers gebouwenbestand in uiteenlopende vormen en...

In connection with the urban and housing policies since the Thatcher regime of the U.K., urban improvements, including the Single Regeneration Budget (SRB), and the trend of the activies of housing associations (HAs) were investigated. (1) The activities of HAs are not limited only to the traditional ones to supply and manage housing, and HAs are becoming the organizations that play important roles in various local regeneration activities. (2) HAs have expanded their roles from those as the organizations complementary to local governments to those as the main organizations supplying community housing and also as the partners taking part in local regeneration activities. (3) The characteristic feature of the SRB, into which the former programs in various fields have been integrated, lies in the adoption of the enterprises based on the principle of competition, and the application of the method of extracting local areas based on the indexes of local deprivation.

Der Beitrag enthält eine Analyse des 1927 erschienenen Romans Der Sprung ins Ungewisse von Paul Zifferer, einem wenig bekannten, aus Mähren stammenden österreichischen Schriftsteller. Dieses Prosawerk bietet eine bemerkenswerte Auffassung des Phänomens Zentrum und Peripherie aus territorialer, sozialer, psychologischer, kultureller und politischer Sicht. Überdies stellt es ein wenig erforschtes Kapitel der literarischen Moderne dar.In conclusion, it could be noted that the novel by Paul Zifferer Der Sprung ins Ungewisse 'The Leap into the Uncertain' (1927) covers a broad scale of applications of the centre and periphery dichotomy. It concerns various fields: politics, economy, psychology, culture. Finally, this topic receives predominantly an ethical and metaphysical dimension. The symbolic initiation act at the beginning of the novel, Anton Muhr's attempt at suicide, did induce that. The novel provides a link between aesthetic modernism and the modern, pragmatic industr...

German law commune in pre-chartered Przemyśl — in the mist of doubt and dispute. _
Half a century ago, a Latin translation of an undated privilege of Duke Lew, who granted an aldermanship (advocatia, Vogtei) of German law with a stone church of St. Nicholas to a certain John, was found in the 15th-century town book of Przemyśl. The document shows that in Przemyśl, one of the capital centres of Halich Ruthenia, there was still an organised commune under German law in the Ruthenian era (probably in the second half of the 13th century), long before the country was incorporated into Poland and the entire urban system was thoroughly rebuilt according to the model of Magdeburg law. However, the document raises many doubts about its authenticity. In view of the scarcity of new premises making it possible to unambiguously assess the authenticity of the Przemyśl alderman's privilege, the author verifies the message it brings. The picture that emerges from this source of the commune under German law existing in the Ruthenian city of Przemyśl can be compared with the situation in other large urban centres in Central Europe in the 12th-13th centuries, in which the presence of privileged groups of western newcomers was already marked in the pre-locational era, before the broader reception of new organisational patterns and the formation of the municipal city. This older phase of development is most often attested to by emerging information about aldermen as the heads of the group of foreign visitors. The Przemyśl document directly describes the entrance to this path; it is a privilege for a commune under German law functioning in an autochthonous urban centre. Its importance lies in unveiling the initial stage of organising an aldermanic commune and revealing the early reception of foreign organisational models in the Ruthenian principality, not only the institution of immunity and German law, but also elements of the fief system.

We present a reflection on the application of digital approaches to the specificity of notarial diplomatic texts, specifically, the research and analysis of notarial documents. We begin with an albeit short, but objective, definition of the concepts that pertain to the two disciplines that study the subject: Notarial Diplomatic and History of Notarial Law. Bearing in mind that the discussion about the relationship between new technologies and its application in Diplomatics is not new, we present a brief synopsis of the considerations of some authors who have written on the topic and the subsequent debate on the advantages and disadvantages of its use. Finally, we will provide an appreciation of the applicability of new technologies as auxiliaries to the interpretation of notarial documentation, giving some practical examples.

This text describes the pattern that has been followed for drafting the conservation plan of the mural paintings in S. Maria Maddalena church. The conservation project of the building and its interiors is focused on a multidisciplinary approach. It has been drawn up with the collaboration of several professionals engaged together from the beginning of the conservation process. These different skills have gathered up relevant results which have been able to provide a set of information related to the comprehension of the building, meant as a complex system. The main goal is to integrate all this data with the support of each different discipline, querying each professional’s specific answers in order to outline a holistic view of the topic. Through this method it has been possible to set up the criteria for the conservation project, based on the issues of preventive and planned conservation.

O presente artigo é uma notícia preliminar dos resultados obtidos com a intervenção arqueológica realizada no âmbito da implementação do projeto da Fábrica da Igreja Paroquial da Freguesia da Sé e de S. Vicente, denominado Reconstrução e ampliação de edifício para capela mortuária (Guarda), que incidiu na antiga Casa do Sineiro (localizada nas imediações da Capela de N. Sr.ª do Mileu) e que decorreu entre 2016 e 2017.

Peran serta pemerintah desa dan pemuda desa dalam pelestarian potensi sumber daya alam dan budaya di Desa Karangbayat. Pemuda desa dengan kepedulian dan keinginan yang besar serta  potensi yang dimilikinya dalam berbagai bidang  mampu memberi energi yang besar dalam pelestarian psotensi kekayaan alam dan budaya. Peranan pemerintah desa yang mendukung memberikan perubahan besar dalam pelestarian potensi kekayaan alam dan budaya di desa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran pemerintah desa dan pemuda desa dalam pelestarian potensi sumber daya alam dan budaya di Desa Karangbayat  serta implikasinya terhadap kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif melalui wawancara dengan informan, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Informan yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah tokoh masyarakat, kepala desa dan organisasi pemuda yang tergabung dalam Karang Taruna Desa Karangbayat dan Ikatan Mahasiswa Karangabayat. Tahapan analisis data kualitatif yai...

Lengkong Kyai Village is located in the middle of BSD City and on the banks of the Cisadane River. This village is a historical heritage village, which was determined by the Tangerang Regency. The condition of the river border of this village has experienced significant erosion due to river flooding and the condition of the border vegetation as a barrier is decreasing. This will endanger the existence of this village in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to plan a principle and concept of river border conservation that is environmentally friendly and sustainable. This research uses a qualitative approach and produces a combination of active and passive conservation design principles and guidelines, so that local residents can be directly involved in conserving their village's wetlands river boundaries and also maintaining the cleanliness and clarity of river water.

The Assyrian kings had various options to ensure control over newly occupied lands. They could integrate the territories as part of the empire or transform local political systems into paying tribute as vassal states. For flexibility and stability, the Assyrian kings worked on creating buffer zones. These zones were indirectly under Assyrian control, maintaining a certain degree of independence, and were spread along of Assyria's borders in the north, west, and east. Buffer zones refer to neutral areas situated between competing states, providing a certain degree of security for the involved parties. These opposing forces may collaborate to establish an independent state that maintains peace between them. Assyria was a powerful imperial state that successfully controlled vast territories through military force, invasion policies, and diplomacy.

The recent Covid-19 pandemic has seen the revival of rhetorical devices thatc all upon individuals to participate in the collective fight against such contagion. Such ar enewal is predicated upon the participation of two types of entities: individuals and collectives. Individuals must becomea wareo fa ny imminent danger, adopt whatever preventive gestures mayb en ecessary all while modulatingt heir attitudes and behaviour accordingt ot he prevailing prophylacticc anons. Collectively,t hey form groups with different social statuses: the good students and those with generallyg ood codes of conduct,o nt he one hand, and the objectors, on the other.T his latter category have not yetb een explicitlyf ashioned as a group posing anyr isk to the wider community,y et the demarcation line remains tenuous.The very existenceo fs uch ag roup of objectors partlyj ustifies retaining preventive measures,i nwhich "vigilance" by every member of society is invoked. This veritable "vigilantism" needs to be calledinto question,however.¹ Indeed, when it comes to examining the past,c an we know for certain what specific individual and group attitudes mayhaveformed the basis for people'sfear of plague? Anumber of privatem anuscripts or autobiographical accountsenable us to catch glimpse of some isolated elements of aplausible answer.The physicians' attitudes wereknown and they werenot unequivocal, to such an extent,infact,that during the plague outbreak of 1720-1724,the French Crown authorities revivedthe model of apowerful governingphysician by republishing Ranchin's Opuscules, amedical treatise which had been written in the wakeofthe plague outbreak of the decade 1630-1640. And yet, it can equallyb eo bserved how "vigilante" measures wered evised and on occasion even implemented; they did indeed have ap olitical impact, and one which studieso np lague outbreaks have tended to neglect, at timese choing aform of depoliticisation of public healthcarerelated issuesadvocated by governmental authorities-on every level. Such latent forms of political conflict need to Open Access. ©2 024 the author(s),p ublished by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the CreativeC ommons Attribution 4.0 International License.

»Exploring new perspectives concerning regions traditionally considered "on the margins" of Europe, this book fills a gap in current historiography through its analysis of cities, space, and economy from the High Middle Ages to the present. Markets, trade, and economy in general have formed the backbone of urban life ever since the emergence of cities and towns, but classical theorists have largely focused on developments in Western Europe. Urban research in the last few decades has advanced in many ways to supersede and correct this still influential image and to include other parts of Europe into the analytical framework. Building on these emerging methodologies, this volume pays close attention to the fringes of Europe in the East, North, West, and South. The essays discuss the development of various spaces as nodal points for the exchange and production of commodities that took place in cities and towns. The scope of this work allows for a point of comparison to frequently studied examples in Europe, encouraging readers to identify larger patterns beyond individual examples. Cities and Economy in Europe: Markets and Trade on the Margins from the Middle Ages to the Present is the perfect resource for students and researchers of economic and urban history.«

German town planners are increasingly involved in development projects outside Germany. These projects comprise town planning ventures in the developing countries of the ‘Third World’. German universities have taken steps to contribute to this development manifold. In this context online courses are considered particularly suitable for advancing and intensifying the North-South Dialog. The University of Oldenburg has been offering such online-courses during the last 8 years. The questions that arise in a spatial context are: What lessons can be learned from town planners in developing countries and which of the experiences gained in Europe will advance North-South cooperation. The evaluation and experience of an online course carried out with young professionals of 15 Developing Countries allow the identification of both common features and differences.

Το κείμενο αποτελεί κεφάλαιο του 1ου μέρους του βιβλίου μου «Mora άλλοτε Πελοπόννησος. Χωρική συγκρότηση  και μορφολογία της πόλης  κατά την οθωμανική κυριαρχία».
Η Κόρινθος (Korintos στις πρώιμες οθωμανικές πηγές, στα τουρκικά Gördös ή Gördüs ή Gördes αργότερα, με ελληνική φωνητική απόδοση Κιορδέσι) αναφέρεται το 1460 ως έδρα του Sancak Bey του Μοριά (θα παραμείνει μέχρι την κατάκτηση του Ναυπλίου το 1540) και ως καζάς, του οποίου τα όρια εκτείνονται μέχρι τα Μέγαρα ανατολικά και την Επίδαυρο νότια. Η τυπολογία της χωρικής συγκρότησης της Κορίνθου κατά την οθωμανική περίοδο διαφοροποιείται εμφανώς από τα τρία άλλα παραδείγματα πόλεων-αγορών με φρούριο που εξετάζουμε στην παρούσα μελέτη (Πάτρα, Άργος, Μυστράς). Αν στην κλασική αρχαιοελληνική περίοδο τα τείχη της [Κάτω] πόλης εκτείνονταν προς νότον μέχρι το φρούριο, η συρρίκνωση του οικισμού κατά τις μεταγενέστερες περιόδους (ρωμαϊκή και βυζαντινή) δημιούργησε ένα ιδιόρρυθμο, κατ’ αρχήν διπολικό, πολεοδομικό μόρφωμα, που διατηρήθηκε και από τους Οθωμανούς. Στο μόρφωμα αυτό, ο πρώτος πόλος, το φρούριο του Ακροκορίνθου, βρίσκεται σε απόσταση περίπου 1.000μ. από τις νότιες παρυφές του δεύτερου, δηλαδή της Κάτω πόλης και 1500μ. από το κέντρο της. Και είναι ενδιαφέρον να παρατηρήσουμε ότι οι δύο πόλοι λειτουργούν στη διάρκεια της οθωμανικής περιόδου ως συγκοινωνούντα δοχεία, αφού η μεγαλύτερη ή μικρότερη αίσθηση ασφάλειας σε μια δεδομένη χρονική περίοδο οδηγεί τους κατοίκους (οι οποίοι σε πολλές περιπτώσεις διαθέτουν ιδιοκτησίες και στο φρούριο και στο βαρόσι) να επιλέγουν τον ένα ή τον άλλο ως τόπο μόνιμης διαμονής. Το σύστημα μετατρέπεται σε τριπολικό, αν προσθέσουμε σ’ αυτό την οικιστική ενότητα του λιμανιού του Λεχαίου, στον Κορινθιακό κόλπο, που βρίσκεται σε απόσταση περίπου 3.000μ. από το κέντρο της Κάτω πόλης και 4.500μ. από τον Ακροκόρινθο και έχει άμεση λειτουργική σχέση με την πόλη, αποτελώντας τη σκάλα των εξαγωγών των αγροτικών προϊόντων της ενδοχώρας.