Process Simulation

While neuroimaging studies implicate medial rostral prefrontal cortex (mrPFC) in self-referential processing, simulation accounts of social cognition suggest that this region also supports thinking about other people. This study tested the prediction that mrPFC might be involved in appraising the personality traits of another person to the degree that this person is perceived as similar to oneself. We also examined whether recruiting common processes for thinking about oneself and others might impact on subsequent memory for those judgments. Functional MRI was used while two factors were crossed: (i) the requirement to engage in personality trait or episodic source memory judgments and (ii) the reference for these judgments (i.e., oneself or a friend). The results link haemodynamic changes in mrPFC to both personality judgments about oneself and subsequent episodic memory retrieval of these judgments. The degree to which BOLD signal in this region was also associated with thinking about others correlated with perceived similarity in both tasks, thus corroborating simulation accounts. Moreover, participants who perceived themselves as having similar traits to their friends tended to be poorer at remembering whether they had made trait judgments in reference to themselves or their friend. This behavioral effect was reflected in the BOLD signal in mrPFC: there was a positive correlation between signal change for self versus friend judgments and subsequent memory for the reference of such judgments. The results suggest that investigations of mrPFC activity in the context of self/other judgments should take into account this psychological similarity effect.

Simulated spent clinoptilolite was immobilised in a monolithic glass composite wasteform (GCM) produced by a pressureless sintering for 2 hours at relative low temperatures 750 deg. C. The GCM utilises the high durability of alkali borosilicate glass to encapsulate the Cs-impregnated clinoptilolite (Cs-Clino). With this approach mobile radionuclides are retained by a multi-barrier system, comprising the crystalline form of the clinoptilolite and the borosilicate glass Wastes loading ranging from 1:1 up to 1:10 glass to Cs-clino volume ratios corresponding to 37- 88 mass % were studied. Water durability of GCM was assessed in 7, 14 and 28 days leaching tests in deionised water at 40 deg. C based on ASTM C1220-98 standard. It was found that the normalised leaching rates of Cs remaining below 6.35 10 g/cm² day in a GCM with 73 mass % waste during a leaching test for 7 days. However, at higher waste loading of {>=}80 mass %, the normalised leaching rate of Cs was as high as 9.06 10 g...

The Vapor Extraction (VAPEX) process, a newly developed Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) process to recover heavy oil and bitumen, has been studied theoretically and experimentally and is found a promising EOR method for certain heavy oil reservoirs. In this work, a simulation study ...

Abstract: This paper presents a new software tool for automatic creation of simulation models for flow lines. The tool was developed in a general way. The tool was applied to the production flow line at the rolling stock Company Bombardier Transportation Portugal, SA, in ...

Plasma doping (PLAD) is an ion implantation technique under investigation to realize ultra-shallow junctions for 65 nm nodes and beyond. This technique has been modelled and is integrated in TCAD process simulation tools. The most influential parameters of PLAD have been isolated. With these parameters, a design of experiments (DOE) has been performed to interpolate a quadratic surface response model of PLAD profiles. Boron implantations were studied in the range from 1 to 8 keV and 1e15 to 5e15at/cm2. Accuracy is very good on the whole range of parameter variations. 2D process simulations are finally shown.

The present study applies the mathematical model proposed by Dannenberg (1986) that determines the amount of fouling formed in a plate heat exchanger, during the pasteurization of the milk, and the characteristics of incrustations on the heating surfaces depending to the profile time-temperature of the process. Moreover, the study presents a shorter alternative of cleaning and removal of deposits which it is evaluated based in the consumption of the chelating agent Na4 EDTA (Ethilene diamine tetraacetic acid) while cleaning. The consumptions were related to the amount of minerals contained in the incrustation (calcium phosphate). Finally, the costs and benefits of implementing the cleaning alternative is predicted and evaluated with the mathematical model and a process simulator software In which profile time-temperature can be included to asses the procedure of cleaning. This study presents and alternative of cleaning that offers economical and time savings in the operating procedu...

BARC has been exploring some of the unique features of silicon detector in a variety of nuclear structure experiment using high energy photons and heavy ions projectiles. Current experimental application makes use of large area silicon detector with depletion thickness of ~150-1000 mum. The low cost silicon detector shows excellent energy and position resolution. In this paper, we discuss the simulation result for silicon detector using SILVACO and the physical mechanism involved in detector operation and one set of mask designing for the silicon radiation detector then we will clarify how these effects set a limit to achievable timing performance.

Membrane process, a relatively new technology among other available techniques, can be used for the purpose of CO2 capture from natural gas. Over the decades, membrane performance has been described by different mathematical models, but there is limited work done in the field of process simulation where membrane models can be incorporated with other unit operations using commercially available simulator. In this paper, a two dimensional cross flow mathematical model for membrane separation has been incorporated with Aspen HYSYS as a user defined unit operation in order to optimize and design the membrane system for CO2 capture from natural gas. Parameter sensitivities, along with process economics, have been studied for different design configurations (including recycle streams and multiple stages). It has been observed that double stage with permeate recycle system gives the optimum design configuration due to minimum process gas cost involved with it.► In this study, a new method to implement two dimensional cross flow mathematical model in Aspen HYSYS as a user defined unit operation is presented. ► It is applied to optimize/design the membrane system for CO2 capture from natural gas. ► Parameter sensitivities and process economics have been studied for wide range of design configurations (including recycle streams and multiple stages). ► Double stage with permeate recycle system has been identified to be the optimum design configuration due to minimum gas processing cost.