Contents Contents Tables Orders of Battle Acknowledgements Preface Chapter 1 Landwehr Military Reorganisation Commission (1807-09) Creation of the Landwehr The New Territories of 1814 The New Territories of 1815 Landwehr 1816-19 Chapter 2 Landwehr Infantry Berg Landwehr Infantry East Prussian Landwehr Infantry Elbe Landwehr Infantry Mansfeld Landwehr Pioneer Bn Kurmark Landwehr Infantry Neumark Landwehr Infantry Pomeranian Landwehr Infantry Posen Landwehr Infantry Rhineland Landwehr Infantry Saxon Landwehr Infantry Silesian Landwehr Infantry Westphalian Landwehr Infantry West Prussian Landwehr Infantry Chapter 3 Landwehr Cavalry East Prussian Landwehr Cavalry Elbe Landwehr Cavalry Kurmark Landwehr Cavalry Neumark Landwehr Cavalry Pomeranian Landwehr Cavalry Rhineland Landwehr Cavalry Saxon Landwehr Cavalry Silesian Landwehr Cavalry Westphalian Landwehr Cavalry West Prussian Landwehr Cavalry Chapter 4 Landwehr Uniform Landwehr Infantry Uniform (1813-15) Landwehr Cavalry Uniform 1813-15 –3– 3 5 5 6 7 9 12 14 31 32 34 36 39 40 46 48 49 57 60 64 65 66 68 78 84 87 90 93 96 100 102 105 106 107 112 115 117 118 125 Chapter 5 Landwehr Flags Chapter 6 Landwehr Infantry Freiwilliger Jäger East Prussian Landwehr Freiwilliger Jäger Elbe Landwehr Freiwilliger Jäger Silesian Landwehr Freiwilliger Jäger Westphalian Landwehr Freiwilliger Jäger Chapter 7 Landsturm Chapter 8 Bürgergarde (Civil Guard) Chapter 9 National Cavalry East Prussian National Cavalry Regiment Pomeranian National Cavalry Regiment Silesia National Hussar Regiment Elbe-National Hussar Regiment Chapter 10 Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger Detachments Cuirassier Freiwilliger Jäger Dragoon Freiwilliger Jäger Hussar Freiwilliger Jäger Ulan Freiwilliger Jäger Guard Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger Elbe Landwehr Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger East Prussian Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger Kurmark Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger Schivelbein Cavalry Detachment Silesian Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger Westphalian Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger West Prussian Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger Chapter 11 Freikorps and Streifkorps Biron Streifkorps Boltenstern Streifkorps Colomb Streifkorps Falkenhausen Streifkorps Hellwig Streifkorps Henckel Streifkorps Katte Streifkorps Lützow Freikorps Marwitz Streifkorps Puckner Streifkorps Schill Freikorps Thielemann Streifkorps References Regimental Index –4– 129 131 131 132 133 134 138 141 144 146 152 156 162 166 166 170 179 186 189 192 193 193 193 194 196 198 199 200 201 201 202 202 208 209 210 211 212 212 214 217 221 Tables Table 1: Military Governments of 15 March 1813. Table 2: Prussian Landwehr on 10 August 1813. Table 3: Landwehr Infantry Regiments (LWIR) on 10 August 1813. Table 4: Percentage of the Landwehr Infantry recorded sick in December 1813. Table 5: Landwehr Infantry Regiments (LWIR) in December 1813. Table 6: Landwehr Infantry Regiments (LWIR) in March 1815. Table 7: Landwehr Cavalry (LKR) formed on 10 August 1813. Table 8: Landwehr Cavalry Regiments (LKR) in December 1813. Table 9: Percentage of the Landwehr Infantry recorded sick in December 1813. Table 10: Landwehr Cavalry Regiments raised in June 1815. Table 11 Distinctions for Landwehr. Table 12: National Cavalry Regiments on 10 August 1813. Table 13: Cuirassier Freiwilliger Jäger detachments on 10 August 1813. Table 14: Dragoon Freiwilliger Jäger Detachments on 10 August 1813 Table 15: Hussar Freiwilliger Jäger on 10 August 1813 Table 16: Ulan Freiwilliger Jäger on 10 August 1813 Table 17: Guard Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger on 10 August 1813 Table 18: Cavalry Freikorps on 10 August 1813 17 23 36 37 38 38 87 88 88 89 120 144 166 170 179 186 189 199 Orders of Battle OOB 1: The jurisdiction for the mobilisation of the Landwehr. OOB 2: Prussian forces at the battle of Hagelberg (27 Aug 1813) OOB 3: East Prussian Landwehr Infantry, April 1813. OOB 4: Re-organised East Prussian Landwehr Infantry on 2 March 1814. OOB 5: Saxon Landwehr Forces commanded by GL von Thielemann OOB 6: GM Prince Biron von Kurland Streifkorps of 500 men. OOB 7: Boltenstein Streifkorps of the Army of Silesia OOB 8: Colomb Streifkorps OOB 9: Henckel von Donnersmarck Streifkorps OOB 10: Oberst-Lt von der Marwitz Streifkorps. OOB 11: Puckner Streifkorps OOB 12: Thielemann Streifkorps of the Army of Bohemia –5– 25 27 40 41 66 200 201 202 208 211 212 215 Preface This is the third volume on the Prussian post 1808 army and explores the uniforms, organisation and equipment of the Landwehr, Landsturm, Volunteer Cavalry and Streifkorps essential for Prussia to maintain her important contribution to the coalition effort to defeat Napoleon. There are very few published works, whether in English, French or German that deal with the varied uniforms of the Landwehr, National Cavalry and Freiwilliger Jäger in detail. This is strange as they were so important in the success of the Prussian Army during the Wars of Liberation. Therefore, the author has decided it is best simply to present the illustrations and where possible resolve the inconsistencies. The precise details of uniforms are difficult to sort out with the distance of time. The huge variability even within Landwehr Regiments let alone companies and squadrons can be put down to the poor state of the Prussian economy, the variability of natural dyes, the deterioration of the colours and especially that most wore the Litewka made from their own Sunday best coat rather than from one manufacturer or standard design. The variability was even more apparent with the Freiwillige Jäger who was supposed to supply their own uniforms and weapons; although many were outfitted by their own district. The most useful contemporary illustrations were the watercolours produced by an unknown artist living in Elberfeld.1 It is interesting to note that the contemporary French watercolours by David Noël Dieudonné Finart (17971852) and Jean Baptiste Genty (1767-1824) showed the Prussian Landwehr in late 1815 still wearing their old campaign uniforms. The 19th century German illustrations by Woldemar Friedrich2, Richard Knötel3, Carl Röchling4 and Moritz Ruhl have been consulted in the preparation of this work. The later illustrations of Herbert Knötel,5 the Brauer Plates, Georg Schafer and 1 Peter Schuchhardt (2005) Die Elberfelder Bilderbandschrift, Bilder und Dokumente aus Napoleonischer Zeit, VS-Books. 2 Woldemar Friedrich (1846-1910) was veteran of the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) and in 1880 became Professor of Art at Weimar University. 3 Richard Knötel (1857-1914) was a well-respected uniformologist and artist. His best known works were the 1,060 colour plates of the (1890-1914) Grosse Uniformenkunde and (1913) Stollwerck Cigarette Cards. 4 Carl Röchling (1855-1920) was a colleague of Richard Knötel. 5 Herbert Knötel (1893-1963) was the son of Richard, served in the First World War and was later curator of the Berlin Zeughaus Museum until 1945. His works included (1929) Das Alte und das Neue Heer; (1932) Sturm Cigarette Cards. –7– Friedrich Ludwig Scharf6 were based on contemporary watercolours that have mainly been lost to us with the destruction of many German museum collections in 1945. In addition, the works by Hofschröer, Nash, Rawkins, Pietsch and Digby Smith plus the illustrated articles of Herbert Knötel and Bob Marrion were very useful in compiling uniform information for this volume. The work of Bourdier (1969)7 was considered unreliable in many aspects. The following conventions have been used:  Prussian rank titles and names have been preserved as far as possible.  Ligne and Legere refer to French line and light infantry respectively.  Prussian Armeekorps use Roman numerals [e.g. I Armeekorps] and Brigades with Arabic numerals [e.g. 5th Brigade].  French formations use Arabic numerals [e.g. 10e Corps, 27e Division and 3e Brigade.]  Battalions and squadrons are designated by Roman numerals [e.g. II/1st East Prussian LWIR and I-IV/Silesian LKR.]  A glossary of German terms can be found in Volume I and II of Prussian Infantry 1808-1840.  Prussian units have often been abbreviated as follows: Cuirassier [KR], Dragoon [DR], Hussar [HR], Infantry Regiment [IR], Landwehr Cavalry Regiment [LKR], Landwehr Infantry Regiment [LWIR], National Cavalry Regiment [NKR], Reserve Infantry Regiment [RIR] and Ulan [UL].  Prussian Generals have been abbreviated as follows: Generalmajor [GM], Generallieutenant/Generalleutnant [GL], General de Kavallerie [GdK], General der Infantrie [GdI] and Feldmarschall [FM].  French Generals have been abbreviated as follows: General de Brigade [GdB] and General de Division [GdD].  The Prussians used their own measurements throughout the period, and these have been converted to metric. Dr Stephen Summerfield Loughborough University 16 August 2011 6 7 Friedrich Ludwig Scharf (1888-1965) Bourdier, F.R. (1969) L’Armee Prussienne de Waterloo, Paris –8– Chapter 1 Landwehr The Treaty of Tilsit (1807) had reduced Prussia to a third rate power. Her population and territory had been halved. The massive reparations let alone the supply of materials to the occupying French Army in return for paper money, the devaluation of their currency and the Continental Blockade that destroyed trade in Northern Europe had broken the Prussian economy. The only hope for survival as an independent power was to harness the remaining social and economic strength by military and social reform.8 During the Thirty Years War, Prussia raised a peasant militia to repel invaders. The Militia Regulations of 1701 made all the male population of Prussia liable for service. By February 1704, there were four regiments each with 12-14 companies (2,400-2,800 men) giving a total of 10,000 men. The landowners feared losing their workers and forced Frederick William I to repeal it in 1713.9 Only in 1757 during the Seven Years War did Frederick II recreate the militia with 3 Landregimenter, 23 Landmiliz Battalions, 2 Freibataillon, 1 Pomeranian Jägerkorps and 4 Landhusaren squadrons.10 The “Emergency Committee for Military Reorganisation” was created on 30 November 1795 presided over by FM von Möllendorf.11 Numerous memos recommending universal service and the formation of militia were submitted to 8 This is discussed further in Summerfield (2009) I: 9-17, Kitchen (1954) 36-40, Ford (1922) 150, Jany (1967) IV: 2, Clerq (1864) II: 270-3, Leggiere (2002) 19-21. 9 Braeuner (1863) 19-22 10 Two Pomeranian, one Kurmark and one Neumark Landhusaren squadrons. Braeuner (1863) 29-30 11 Braeuner (1863) 31 –9– Chapter 2 Landwehr Infantry Initially the Landwehr Infantry were organised into brigades of four battalions. Four companies of 150-200 men formed a battalion. A company had a captain, four lieutenants, one sergeant major, two drummers and sections of 12 men commanded by a corporal.85 On 27 July, the Landwehr was considered well enough trained for field operations, and the brigades were renamed regiments. The Landwehr provided thirty-seven regiments with 149 battalions to the field army. This amounted to just under 101,320 men. Each infantry brigade of I-III Armeekorps had a line infantry regiment, a reserve regiment and one to two Landwehr regiments. The IV Armeekorps consisted almost entirely of Landwehr.86 Table 3: Landwehr Infantry Regiments (LWIR) on 10 August 1813.87 Province East Prussia 5 Feb 1813 Kurmark 17 Mar 1813 Neumark 17 Mar 1813 Pomerania 17 Mar 1813 Silesia 17 Mar 1813 West Prussia 17 Mar 1813 TOTAL LWIR Bns Officers NCOs Drummers Men Total 5 20 Bns 440 1,213 283 16,658 18,154 7 26 Bns 527 1546 316 16,931 18,793 3 12 Bns 222 645 125 7,137 7,907 3 12 Bns 209 632 123 7,001 7,756 17 68 Bns 1,109 3,372 643 36,288 40,303 3 11 Bns 174 484 92 4,470 5,046 38 149 Bns 2,681 7,892 1,582 88,485 97,959 The Landwehr received their baptism of fire at Gross-Beeren on 23 August 1813 where the heavy rain prevented the discharge of muskets, so they had to resort to bayonet attacks. Many of the Landwehr still did not have muskets so were armed with pikes. After the victory at Dennewitz (6 Sept), the Landwehr were able replaced their pikes with French muskets by scavenging from the dead and prisoners. 85 Nafziger (1994) 15 and Tondeur et al. (2003) 30 Nafziger (1994) 16 87 Hofschröer (1980) 75 86 – 36 – Elbe Landwehr Infantry By 1 March 1814, Elbe had raised 12 infantry battalions in three regiments 2(9,600 men) and 5 squadrons of cavalry in a single regiment (750 men). On 1 April 1814, three 800 strong replacement (Ersatz) battalions were formed, one for each of the Landwehr infantry regiments. Once fully mobilised the Elbe Landwehr participated in the unsuccessful siege of Magdeburg commanded by General Hirschfeldt. A fourth infantry regiment was only raised in 1815. 1st Elbe LWIR In 1814, Oberst-Lt von Bismarck101 raised the 1st Elbe LWIR in the Province of Altmark and participated in the siege of Magdeburg (1 Mar 1813-April 1814). In 1815, it was part of 6th (Krafft) Infantry Brigade of II (Pirch I) Armeekorps. At Ligny (16 June) the regiment lost 456 dead, 127 wounded and 148 missing. Their commander, Oberst von Bismarck, was killed at Namur (20 June). In 1818, renamed IR26a (1st Magdeburg LWIR). HEADWEAR: Dark-blue caps with lightblue band and piping, white Landwehr cross, small black-and-white cockade and black peak. LITEWKA: Dark-blue Litewka with lightblue collar and white shoulder straps. GREATCOAT: Dark-grey greatcoat was worn rolled over the left shoulder. LEGWEAR: Dark-grey trousers were worn over white gaiters. DISTINCTIONS: Officer and NCOs had red piping on their collar and cuffs. 101 Uncle of the future Chancellor of Imperial Germany. – 46 – Chapter 3 Landwehr Cavalry The 10,000 Landwehr cavalrymen in 116 squadrons raised proved essential to the allied cause and were generally of better quality than the Landwehr infantry. However, many cavalry officers of the old army considered then “quite deplorable.”113 According to Marwitz, “They were always willing to charge, but the difficulty was to rally them. When they had good morale, they were about as good as the bulk of their opponents [the French].”114 Generally, they formed into regiments of four squadrons, but some regiments had three or five squadrons. Each squadron had 72 to 96 troopers commanded by a captain, two to three lieutenants, one sergeant major and one trumpeter. The squadron was divided into sections of eight men.115 The quality of the light horses or ponies was poor initially because the regular cavalry and artillery had the first choice. The mounts were generally considered too old or young for service and often un-schooled. These were supplemented from captured and purchased horses from other units, including the Cossacks and the Streifkorps so the quality improved with time. This contrasted with the mounted Freiwilliger Jäger who provided their own excellent horses. Table 7: Landwehr Cavalry (LKR) formed on 10 August 1813. Province Regts Squadrons Officers Horses East Prussia 5 Kurmark 7 Neumark Pomerania Silesia West Prussia Total 2 3 10 3 30 16 sq + 5 depot sq 28 sq + 2 depot sq 7 sq 9 sq 40 sq 8 sq 116 sq 100 2,049 Total Men 2,032 122 2,670 2,713 39 47 229 30 567 781 1,022 5,001 581 12,104 781 1,030 5,023 622 12,201 113 Maude (1908) 152 Maude (1908: 152) paraphrasing Major Marwitz. 115 Tondeur et al. (2003) 30 114 – 87 – %age mounted 100.8% 98.4% 100.0% 99.2% 99.6% 93.4% 99.2% – 95 – Chapter 4 Landwehr Uniform The Landwehrkreuz [Landwehr cross] bore the inscription of “mit Gott für Konig und Vaterland”133 and was modeled on the Russian Opolchenie cross.134 This was either in white metal or brass according to the button colour. Due to the impoverished state of Prussian finances, very little could be done to equip the Landwehr. Each man was supposed to supply their own uniforms. Wives turned their husband’s Sunday coat (Litewka) into uniforms, sent their jewellery, to the mint and considered it honourable to wear a simple band inscribed “Gold I gave for Iron.” Over 150,000 rings were exchanged. A Prussian officer mentioned that in the 1813 campaign a friendly Cossack Pulk escorting French prisoner of war had them pass this officer's battalion, so that the Landwehr could exchange their worn shoes and greatcoats for better ones. In addition, there was no doubt that many of the locals made a profit over scavenging the battlefield for military uniforms and equipment. 133 134 For God, King and Fatherland, 1813 Summerfield (2007) The Brazen Cross, Partizan Press – 117 – Chapter 6 Landwehr Infantry Freiwilliger Jäger A number of Landwehr regiments formed Freiwilligen Jäger detachments especially in the territories of the Elbe and Westphalia lost in 1807.153 East Prussian Landwehr Freiwilliger Jäger 8th Bn. /3rd East Prussian LWIR Four officers, sixteen NCOs and twelve men wounded at Dennewitz, 5-7 September 1813. Only fifteen Jäger were present in December 1813. 12th Bn/3rd East Prussian LWIR In February 1813, Captain von Esebeck formed a Freiwilliger Jäger detachment. In July 1813, it contained two officers, twelve NCOs, four musicians and 120 Jäger attached to 12th Bn/3rd East Prussian LWIR.154 On 10 August, the detachment had three officers, twelve Oberjäger, one surgeon, four musicians, 128 Jäger and three train with five horses.155 It had one man wounded at Gross Beeren (23 Aug). In December 1813, the detachment had 148 men. On 9 November 1813, Captain von Esebeck Jäger detachment with 100 infantry (Captain von Sydow) and 154 cavalry (Rittmeister von Blankenburg) was sent to garrison East Frisia under Major von Friccius. 153 See Prussian Infantry Vol I-II for the Freiwilliger Jäger for the Regular Infantry. Lange (1863) 112-113 155 Hofschröer (1984) 61 154 – 131 – Chapter 7 Landsturm The hatred of the ordinary Prussians for the occupying French was often vented upon them in the early months of 1813. On the 20 February, a Cossack Pulk entered Berlin and incited the citizens of Berlin into action. After the Cossacks departed, the French garrison set up a section of two 6-pdrs to block passage of the Lange Brücke over the Spree River under the walls of the King's palace. A crowd led by a blacksmith knocked down two French gunners with his hammer, and the rest fled. The blacksmith then rendered the cannon useless by driving the nails into their touchholes. Soon, French reinforcements from the garrison came to the bridge and the blacksmith was finally killed. This enraged the crowd and they drove the French from the bridge and so recovered their brave blacksmith bearing him away upon their shoulders to an honourable resting place in the Royal Mews. Finally on 21 April 1813 the Landsturm was officially stabled. The AKO stated. "a people united with its king can never be defeated… every citizen is obliged to resist the approaching enemy with any kind of weapon and to employ any means of hampering his movement, cutting his supply lines and destroying the value of the conquered territory.” The concept was based upon the examples of the uprisings in the Vendee – 138 – Chapter 9 National Cavalry In early 1813, GL von Yorck raised the volunteer East Prussian National Cavalry Regiment that was later re-titled Prussian National Cavalry Regiment. AKO dated 27 March 1813 instructed the provinces Pomerania and Silesia to raise the Silesian National Cavalry and the Pomeranian National Cavalry Regiments. Table 12: National Cavalry Regiments on 10 August 1813. Commander East Prussian National Major Graf von Lehndorff Cavalry Regt Pomeranian National Major von Zatrow Cavalry Regt Silesian National Major Graf von Henckel Hussar Regt 161 162 Regiment Off/NCO/Men Freiwillige Jäger 15/60/485 2/11/113161 2nd Cav Brig of I Corps 17/34/380 4/8/73 162 4th Brigade of III Corps 11/22/196 3/5/47 2nd Cav Brig of II Corps Off/NCO/Men 5 NCOs and 143 men on 1 January 1814 The Elite Company according to .Brauer and Schafer (c1930) Plate 116 – 144 – Those members of the National Cavalry Regiments wealthy enough to clothe and equip themselves were formed into Freiwilliger Jäger detachments or elite companies. In November 1813, the Elb-National-Hussaren-Regiment was formed in the newly liberated western provinces. In 1815, the National Cavalry was redesignated and number in the line. – 145 – Chapter 10 Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger Detachments On 3 February 1813, Frederick William authorised the formation of Freiwilliger Jäger detachments from the propertied classes that had been exempt from 177 They soon conscription. demonstrated their value as a reservoir for much needed officers.178 Cuirassier Freiwilliger Jäger Table 13: Cuirassier Freiwilliger Jäger detachments on 10 August 1813. Commander Silesian Cuirassiers East Prussian Cuirassiers Brandenburg Cuirassiers 177 178 Major von Briesen Oberst-Lt von Werder Major von Briesey Men Freiwillige Jäger Off/NCO/Men Off/NCO/Men 30/59/562 1/2/29 23/60/554 4/9/76 23/60/533 5/11/92 Craig (1964) 60 Craig (1964( 61 – 166 – 1st Cav Brigade of II Corps st 1 Cav Brigade of II Corps 1st Cav Brigade of II Corps – 197 – Chapter 11 Freikorps and Streifkorps In 1813-14, various Streifkorps (raiding forces) were often formed from Landwehr Cavalry, Hussars, National Cavalry and detachments of Freiwilliger Jäger that were detached from their parent regiment supported by light infantry and horse artillery. Table 18: Cavalry Freikorps on 10 August 1813 Commanders von Lutzow’s Freikorps Hellwig Freikorps Streifkorps von Schill Oberst von Lützow Major von Hellwig Major von Schill Regiment Freiwilliger Jäger Off/NCO Men Off/NCO/Men 5/41/443 1/11/123 9/34/394 2/3/23 - 5/30/219 Wallmoden Corps nd 2 Cav Brig of III Corps Wallmoden Corps Hessen-Kassel Dragoon (left), Officer of the Pomeranian National Cavalry Elite Squadron(centre left), trooper of the Lützow Freikorps (centre right) and former Berg Lancer (right). [Richard Knötel] – 199 – Regimental Index Bürgergarde 141 Cavalry Freiwilliger Jäger Cuirassier Freiwilliger Jäger (3rd) Brandenburg Cuirassier (2nd) East Prussian Cuirassier (1st) Silesian Cuirassier 169 167 167 Dragoon Freiwilliger Jäger (5th) Brandenburg Dragoons (1st) Königin Dragoons (3rd) Lithuanian Dragoons (6th) Neumark Dragoons (2nd) 1 West Prussian Dragoons (4th) 2nd West Prussian Dragoons 177 171 175 178 174 176 Hussar Freiwilliget Jäger (3rd) Brandenburg Hussars (1st) 1st Leib Hussars (2nd) 2nd Leib Hussars 10th (Magdeburg) Hussars (5th) Pomeranian Hussars (4th) 1st Silesian Hussars (6th) 2nd Silesian Hussars 181 179 180 185 184 182 184 Ulan Freiwilliger Jäger (3rd) Brandenburg Ulan (2nd) Silesian Ulan (1st) West Prussian Ulan 187 186 186 Guard Freiwilliger Jäger Garde Volutär Squadron Biron Streifkorps Boltenstern Streifkorps Colomb Streifkorps Falkenhausen Streifkorps Hellwig’s Hussar Raid Hellwig Streifkorps Henckel Streifkorps Katte Streifkorps Lützow Freikorps Marwitz Streifkorps Puckner Streifkorps Schill Freikorps Thielemann Streifkorps 200 201 201 202 202 203 208 209 210 211 212 212 214 Infantry Freiwilliger Jäger 190 LKR Freiwilliger Jäger Elbe LKR 3rd East Prussian LKR 3rd Kurmark LKR 1st Silesian LKR 3rd Silesian LKR 6th Silesian LKR 8th Silesian LKR 1st Westphalian LKR 3rd West Prussian LKR Freikorps / Streifkorps 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 198 3rd East Prussian LWIR 4th East Prussian LWIR 1st Elbe LWIR 1st Silesian LWIR 17th Silesian LWIR 1st Westphalian LWIR 2nd Westphalian LWIR 3rd Westphalian LWIR 4th Westphalian LWIR 5th Westphalian LWIR 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 134 136 137 Landsturn 138 Landwehr Cavalry East Prussian Landwehr Cavalry 1st East Prussian LKR 2nd East Prussian LKR 3rd East Prussian LKR 4th East Prussian LKR 5th East Prussian LKR 90 91 91 92 92 Elbe Landwehr Cavalry Elbe LKR – 221 – 93 Kurmark Landwehr Cavalry 1st Kurmark LKR 2nd Kurmark LKR 3rd Kurmark LKR 4th Kurmark LKR 5th Kurmark LKR 6th Kurmark LKR 7th Kurmark LKR 96 96 97 98 99 99 99 Neumark Landwehr Cavalry 1st Neumark LKR 2nd Neumark LKR 100 101 103 104 104 Rhineland Landwehr Cavalry 1st Rhineland LKR 2nd Rhineland LKR 3rd Rhineland LKR 105 106 106 Saxon Landwehr Cavalry Thuringian LKR 106 Silesian Landwehr Cavalry 1st Silesian LKR 2nd Silesian LKR 3rd Silesian LKR 4th Silesian LKR 5th Silesian LKR 6th Silesian LKR 7th Silesian LKR 8th Silesian LKR 9th Silesian LKR 10th Silesian LKR 107 107 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 Westphalian Landwehr Cavalry 1st Westphalian LKR 112 West Prussian Landwehr Cavalry 1st West Prussian LKR 2nd West Prussian LKR 3rd West Prussian LKR Berg Landwehr Infantry 1st Berg LWIR 2nd Berg LWIR 39 40 East Prussian Landwehr Infantry 1st East Prussian LWIR 2nd East Prussian LWIR 3rd East Prussian LWIR 4th East Prussian LWIR 5th East Prussian LWIR 43 43 44 45 45 Elbe Landwehr Infantry Pomeranian Landwehr Cavalry 1st Pomeranian LKR 2nd Pomeranian LKR 3rd Pomeranian LKR Landwehr Infantry 115 116 116 1st Elbe LWIR 2nd Elbe LWIR 3rd Elbe LWIR 4th Elbe LWIR Mansfeld Landwehr Pioneer Bn 46 47 47 47 48 Kurmark Landwehr Infantry 1st Kurmark LWIR 2nd Kurmark LWIR 3rd Kurmark LWIR 4th Kurmark LWIR 5th Kurmark LWIR 6th Kurmark LWIR 7th Kurmark LWIR 50 50 52 54 54 54 56 Neumark Landwehr Infantry 1st Neumark LWIR 2nd Neumark LWIR 3rd Neumark LWIR 57 58 59 Pomeranian Landwehr Infantry 1st Pomeranian LWIR 2nd Pomeranian LWIR 3rd Pomeranian LWIR 62 63 63 Posen Landwehr 1st-4th Posen LWIR 64 Rhineland Landwehr Infantry 1st-8th Rhineland LWIR – 222 – 65 Saxon Landwehr Infantry 1st Thuringian LWIR 2nd Thuringian LWIR 1st Upper Saxon LWIR 2nd Upper Saxon LWIR 67 67 66 67 Silesian Landwehr Infantry 1st Silesian LWIR 2nd Silesian LWIR 3rd Silesian LWIR 4th Silesian LWIR 5th Silesian LWIR 6th Silesian LWIR 7th Silesian LWIR 8th Silesian LWIR 9th Silesian LWIR 10th Silesian LWIR 11th Silesian LWIR 12th Silesian LWIR 13th Silesian LWIR 14th Silesian LWIR 15th Silesian LWIR 16th Silesian LWIR 17th Silesian LWIR 69 70 70 71 72 72 72 74 74 74 74 75 76 76 77 77 77 National Cavalry East Prussian NKR Elbe NKR Elbe National Hussars National Hussar Regt National Light Cavalry Regt Pomeranian NKR Prussian NKR Silesian NKR Silesian National Hussar Regt Volunteer Cavalry Bremen Volunteer Ulan Schivelbein Detachment Westphalian Landwehr Infantry 1st Westphalian LWIR 2nd Westphalian LWIR 3rd Westphalian LWIR 4th Westphalian LWIR 5th Westphalian LWIR 6th Westphalian LWIR 7th Westphalian LWIR 8th Westphalian LWIR 9th Westphalian LWIR 10th Westphalian LWIR 79 79 80 81 81 82 82 82 83 83 West Prussian Landwehr Infantry 1st West Prussian LWIR 2nd West Prussian LWIR 3rd West Prussian LWIR 146 162 162 156 152 152 146 156 156 84 86 86 – 223 – 187 193