Structural Analysis

Tree loss and its effect to well-being, society, and energy are the inevitable results of rapid economic breakthroughs. Civilization has to constantly adapt to change, and while economic modifications commence society has to deal with preexisting issues on environmental health decline. While Amy Chillag’s CNN Article provides facts, allusions and statistics, there are particular details in the article that needs to be considered...

In Interpreting Ancient Egyptian Narratives, Martin Pehal applies structural analysis to four New Kingdom narrative compositions. The study explains the strong configurational character of ancient Egyptian (mythological) thought which has the ability to connect various ontological levels of human experience with the surrounding world into complex synchronic structures. These symbolical systems are shown to be mediating between the various cultural paradoxes which were inherent to ancient Egyptian society. Axial role in this process is attributed to the institution of positional kingship represented by the Pharaoh. Its transformative function is also put into relation to the special status of female characters who are shown to play the part of the “powerful powerless ones” further personifying the aspects of the mediating function of myth. Gradually, the study outlines a genuinely Egyptian “structural net” of basic mythemes and explains in what way it was possible for such a system to change and incorporate foreign mythological motifs especially from the Near East.

This report presents the work I did as part of my graduation project. It consists of designing, studying and dimensioning the JW Marriott Tower in Casablanca Marina.
Being one of the largest cities in Africa, Casablanca plans to develop its international character by enriching its heritage of skyscrapers which are the symbol of power, energy and splendour of cities.
Having a unique architecture for the first time in Morocco, the tower presents enormous difficulties in terms of design and study since they work on the limits of current standards and regulations.
In this project I present initially a dossier about towers, their construction systems and their most used materials. Subsequently I explain the final design I have developed in accordance with the architectural plans and then I present the geotechnical context of the area and define the general hypothesis.
In the study and dimensioning phase, I study the structure in two approaches: a static approach and a dynamic approach. The static approach consists in studying the static behaviour of the tower vis-a-vis the permanent the exploitation loadings before dimensioning the structural elements outside the bracing system. In the dynamic approach I study the different horizontal and vibratory stresses, starting with the wind and then the seismic calculation.
After determining these stresses, I study the seismic design of the plates and shells as well as the foundations and the retaining walls and their stabilities and justifications in accordance to the ultimate, service and accidental states.

This research work mainly focuses on stabilization of Ikpayongo laterite using cement blended with Rise Husk Ash (RHA) and Carbide Waste (CW) to promote its physical characteristics. The blending of cement with Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and carbide waste (CW) was done in proportion to determine the required proportion suitable for the stabilization of Ikpayongo laterite. Atterberg limit test, Compaction test, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, Specific Gravity, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test and Durability test were conducted on the laterite sample. The blend of cement with RHA and CW at interval of 0% to 10% displayed better results than the cement treated soil at some percentages. The result showed that at 2% and 10% cement content the MDD of the natural soil reduced from 2.015Mg/m3 to 1.917Mg/m3 and increased to 1.987Mg/m3 respectively, it also reduced to 1.870Mg/m3 when treated with 2% blend of 80% cement 10% RHA 10% CW and increased at 10% of the cement blend. The CBR v...

This paper contains geophysical analysis of the largest town square in Sigtuna, Sweden. The studied area is approximately 736 m2. The purpose of the study was to search for early medieval house remnants and to possibly find structures matching those found during excavations in other parts of the town. The hypothesis is that the town of Sigtuna was planned and that the yards of the town were put out in a special pattern following the main street, which is the same as today. During the day of the geophysical prospection the weather conditions were not optimal. A lot of water at the surface disturbed the instrument and gave a blurred image. It turned out that a lot of contemporary pipes and a large traffic island from the 1930s covered the area. Archaeological structures could only be seen in smaller areas in between later structures. Vague oblong structures could be seen, as well as a distinct smaller square on the eastern part of the area. A large rectangle close to the main street was also observed. None of these structures could be seen in modern maps or photographs and are therefore marked as something that could be of archaeological interest. Some of the structures that were noted were probably part of the original medieval town plan, as judged by their size and location.

The high-performance composite materials based on carbon fiber are increasingly used in critical security areas (aeronautics, civil engineering). Thus, it is important to know their characteristics during curing process or their use. We present herein a technique of electrical impedance analysis to extract some specific material properties (resistance and capacitance) in order to know its behavior. As the material microstructure contains a conductor part (carbon fiber) and an insulator part (resin), a model of electrical conduction in the material was established by using a network of a resistance RP connected in parallel with a capacitance CP (impedance Z). Spectroscopic impedance analysis of the studied samples informs about the intrinsic properties of material and shows a sensitivity of these electrical parameters (RP, CP) according to the curing cycle. Then the sensitivity to some physical parameters (temperature, deformations, etc.) will be demonstrated in order to know the health of the material, thus ensure Structural Health Monitoring (SHM).

Functional analysis is a universal methodology, which is able to support NPP and I&C design process. The paper proposes an approach to combining the functional analysis process and I&C design process into a single I&C functional design process. Operation of a system is considered as a set of functions providing not only the achievement of goal, but also keeping material and energy balances. A notation for graphical representation of semantic network (hierarchy of functions) describing a system is suggested. This network includes four levels, namely functional goals, abstract functions level, process functions level, and equipment level. The elements of the hierarchy are connected by three kinds of relationships, namely: parent-child, main-support, and cause-consequence. Then the semantic network (hierarchy) of functions is converted into a functional network which looks as a directed graph. This graph is used for development of control algorithm and for building of instrumentation a...

Live attenuated vaccines, developed with molecular genetical techniques, require new approaches for their quality control. To develop novel quality control tests that enhanced and extended existing procedures, the attenuated vaccine strain Salmonella typhi Ty21a and its parent strain Ty2 were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and direct nucleotide sequence analysis. Mutant and parent strains were distinguished using fingerprints generated by the resolution on PFGE of chromosomal DNA digested with each of the enzymes Sfil, Spel or Xbal. These fingerprints were stable through multiple in vitro passages of the vaccine strain and were identical from one batch of vaccine to another. It was also possible to distinguish between the mutant and parent strains by direct nucleotide sequence analysis of the galE gene. This analysis identified two base changes in the gene from strain Ty21a: a single base deletion causing a frameshift that would result in a truncated gene p...

MGPS Cofferdam is an equipment to be attached at the submerge part of the ship’s hull, to create an watertight environment for the safety cutting, welding, or another underwater activities. The activity here for the MGPS Cofferdam is the changing of the rise pipe at side of the submerged part of hull.

An open reading frame encoding the ectoine biosynthesis genes was cloned from the Bacillus halodurans genome. An expression plasmid containing the operon was introduced into Escherichia coli cells, and the recombinant ectoine was quantified. The secondary structure of ectoine biosynthesis proteins were predicted and was quite similar to that of reported proteins from eubacteria.

Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) DNA-3 to 6 have each previously been shown to contain one large open reading frame in the virion sense, whereas no large ORF had been identified in BBTV DNA-2. RNAs transcribed from the BBTV genome were mapped using northern hybridisation and 3′ RACE. One mRNA was transcribed from each of BBTV DNA-2 to 6 and four of these mRNAs mapped to the ORFs previously identified in BBTV DNA-3 to 6. The mRNA of BBTV DNA-2 was transcribed from a virion sense ORF probably using a TATA box sequence different to that in BBTV DNA-1, and DNA-3 to 6. This ORF encoded a 10 kDa protein of unknown function. The 3′ untranslated region of the five mRNAs varied from 25 nucleotides (BBTV DNA-6) to 167 nucleotides (BBTV DNA-4) and each contained putative polyadenylation signals with associated GT rich sequences together with a possible termination signal (C/T/A)TGTAA conserved in all five mRNAs.

Three full-scale tests with the imperfect ditch method are described. The imperfect ditch method involves installing a compressible inclusion above rigid culverts to reduce the vertical earth pressure. Superlight expanded polystyrene blocks are used as the compressible material. In the first test, the instrumented culvert was a 1.95-m diameter concrete pipe beneath a 14-m-high rockfill embankment. In the second test, a 1.71-m diameter concrete pipe was used beneath a 15-m-high rock fill, and in the third, the culvert is a cast-in-place concrete box culvert with a 2.0-m width beneath 11 m of silty clay. The culverts were built between 1988 and 1989, and the instrumentation measured earth pressure, deformation, and temperature. The full-scale measurements show considerable reduction in the vertical earth pressure: that on top of the pipes in the granular fill was reduced to less than 30 percent of the overburden and that on the box culvert beneath the clay fill was reduced to less tha...

Secondary elements such as barriers, sidewalks, and diaphragms may increase the load carrying capacity of girder bridges. This in turn affects reliability. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential benefit of secondary elements on the system reliability of girder bridges, if these elements are designed with the structural system to participate resisting vehicular live loads. Simple span,

Abstract: In this paper, the direct differentiation method ͑DDM͒ for finite-element ͑FE͒ response sensitivity analysis is extended to linear and nonlinear FE models with multi-point constraints ͑MPCs͒. The analytical developments are provided for three different constraint handling methods, namely: ͑1͒ the transformation equation method; ͑2͒ the Lagrange multiplier method; and ͑3͒ the penalty function method. Two nonlinear benchmark applications are presented: ͑1͒ a two-dimensional soil-foundation-structure interaction system and ͑2͒ a three-dimensional, one-bay by one-bay, three-story reinforced concrete building with floor slabs modeled as rigid diaphragms, both subjected to seismic excitation. Time histories of response parameters and their sensitivities to material constitutive parameters are computed and discussed, with emphasis on the relative importance of these parameters in affecting the structural response. The DDMbased response sensitivity results are compared with corres...

Studies show that family businesses need to manage conflict, but there has been little research on different conflict manifestations and their impact on families involved in businesses together. This study investigates the impact of six conflict styles on severity of conflict and quality of life for husbands and wives in 206 farm family businesses. Data analysis was done using structural

The article aim is observing and framing I-am associates' process model as an example of in the context of Turkey while comparing it with the existing models. PSS design is a new field in Turkey and best example to observe PSS development in there is I-am Associates because it is a local company, created and developed in here and when we looked their existing work so far. Because of this article specifically focused on PSS design development models, first ones that come up in the literature should have been analysed. For better understanding how companies developed their ideas, work, as a flexible method semi-structured interview has been made with the selected company. Questions was generalised for not to frame their answers. Two founder of the company briefly explained how their process works and in which phases they are going deeper. The research identified that the PSS design process reported by literature is not representative, lacking on some sub-phases. Seven models had been analysed and seven common phases identified with 18 total sub-phases for creating a process model for the selected company. Those findings helped to frame basic steps in the process.

Gomerolactones A–D along with the known majusculone, obtusol, and elatol were isolated from Laurencia majuscula, and their structures were determined spectroscopically. With the aid of Pirkle's reagent at low temperature, NMR spectroscopy was used to determine the absolute configuration at the ring closure carbon atom of a α-alkylidene-γ-lactone and an α-alkylidene-δ-lactone unit embedded in the chamigrene network of compounds 1 and 2, respectively. The absolute stereochemistry of compounds 3 and 4 was determined by X-ray analysis. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)

The work presented below is part of the results of a research project at UPM.
The objective of the research consisted in the reconstruction of a selection of architectural projects chosen for both, its importance in the historical context and its geometry; so that the development of non-uniform rational Bsplines (NURBS) could be implemented as a tool for the graphical representation of architecture.

NURBS can represent complex geometries with precision (such as the hyperbolic paraboloid), either in the form of models or virtual models. Thus one can hypothesize and even complete information gaps -in the absence or loss of documentation-, of old or not constructed architectural projects.
During the communication it is intended to show the results achieved in one of the specific cases analyzed: the non-built market for Mexico in 1956, by Félix Candela.

In order to conform the market every single car in Indonesia are conducting a market strategy. One of those strategies is by applying a proper segmentation, targeting, and positioning. In 2019, Wuling Motors has the highest market growth compared to other car brands in Indonesia. Although Wuling Motors's market growths are high, in 2019 Wuling Motors's market share are below the top 5 car brands in Indonesia. The purposes of this research are: 1) to discover the conformity of Wuling Motors segmentation towards the Indonesian market; 2) to discover the conformity of Wuling Motors market target towards the Indonesian market; 3) to discover the position result of Wuling Motors towards the Indonesian market. Respondent for this research uses 400 respondents. This research classified as mix method research with descriptive analysis. Method used for this research are cluster analysis (K-means cluster) based on the demographic, geographic, psychographic, behavioral that supporting the market preference. Geographic segmentation is classified using crosstab tabulation analysis. In analyzing the positioning, multidimensional scaling used as the method with 2 dimensions perceptual mapping. To reconfirming the data about Wuling Motors's segmentation, targeting and positioning, author conducted an interview to Wuling Motors's marketing division located in Bandung, Indonesia. The result of this research are formed 4 various cluster based on respondents age and monthly income, which, every cluster has its own characteristics in selecting a cars, and gathered most dominant respondents domicile based on the crosstab analysis. In MDS, gathered 4 quadrants with similarity between model and safety for respondents with age are above the average, and income also above the average. The final result is, Wuling Motors has implementing a conform segmentation, targeting and positioning towards the Indonesian market.

Yttrium iron garnet (YIG) is a synthetic Ferrimagnetic material. YIG is cubic in structure; having space group Ia3d. In YIG, out of 5 Fe 3+ ions, 3 Fe ions occupy tetrahedral site and 2 Fe ions occupy octahedral site. Difference in the spin orientation of the Fe 3+ ions present in tetrahedral and octahedral sites results in the origin of the magnetic properties of YIG. Yttrium iron garnet with the empirical formula Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 has been synthesized by regular ceramic route and sintering at 1200˚C for 30 minutes using microwave furnace. The structural and morphological characterization of the synthesized YIG are performed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction pattern revealed pure YIG phase as reported by Musa et al [1]. The crystallite size from the Scherrer equation is found to be 2.82Å. A saturation magnetization of 16.88emu/g is achieved by VSM.