Teleccomunications; Regulation of infrastructure and public utilies

Los desórdenes políticos que caracterizaron el siglo III d. C. en Roma estuvieron alimentados por dos grupos de causas principales: las luchas intestinas para alcanzar el trono imperial, por una parte y consolidarlo en clave dinástica, y por
otra, la necesidad de atender los requerimientos de una sociedad que acusaba profundas transformaciones acumuladas desde mediados del siglo I d. C. Costes militares, administrativos, logísticos y de mecenazgo finalista, se suman a los derivados de la compra de voluntades en los ámbitos más próximos al poder. Todos ello se refleja en la necesidad de un flujo continuo de numerario acuñado en oro y plata. En una época donde no existe la política financiera y la única posibilidad real de actuar sobre la Economía del Estado es la política económica monetaria, la solución consistente en la adulteración por ley, principalmente, de la moneda de plata, lleva consigo su degradación, su devaluación y la aparición de un escenario persistente de inflación galopante. Es decir, los intentos de estabilización sólo producen a corto plazo, una precarización de las condiciones de vida de la población. Esta ponencia abordará este fenómeno en su origen, desarrollo, alcance y consecuencias en  relación con la evolución del Imperio en el siglo III d. C.

The political disorders that characterized the 3rd century A.D. in Rome were fed by two groups of mainsprings: the internal fights to reach the imperial throne, on one hand and it to be consolidated in dynastic key, and for other one, by the need to attend to society requirements that was accusing deep transformations accumulated from middle of the 1st century A.D. Military, administrative, logistic costs and finalist patronage, were added to those  that were from the wills purchase in the areas nearer to power. All it is reflected in the need of a constant flow of money coined in gold and silver. In a time where financial politics does not exist and the only real chance of success of managing on the State Economy was by means of economic monetary politics, the option consisting of enforcing by law demoting currency, principally, of silver  currencies, got its quality lost, devaluation and the emergence of a persistent and astonishing  situation of inflation. That is to say, the attempts of stabilization only produce in short term, a downgrade of the population living conditions. This paper will approach this phenomenon in its origin, development, scope and consequences in relation with the Empire evolution in the 3rd century A.D.

We are where long-distance, fixed line telephones were in 1985. Today, we have reached the end of a long-distance fixed-line country. It took 25 years.  In many ways, the growth of DG and micro grids is facing the same challenges today. It goes full circle back to the early days of the electric power industry. Initially power systems were isolated and each served its own service area. As service areas expanded, utilities began to interconnect.

Although Arizona regulators have been willing to accept a relatively limited amount of cost shifting to address home solar energy expansion they have not addressed the magnitude of cost shifting that will accompany the rapid expansion in net-metered energy. Additional funding is needed to pay for future energy infrastructure. Utilities must follow the lead of telecommunications companies in order to succeed in our new energy future.

Revisión crítica de la reforma constitucional de marzo de 2014 en materia de telecomunicaciones y medios de comunicación.

The new telecommunications law recently passed in Mexico, is only an attempt to regulate disputes between monopolies. The new law does not aim to control the operations of telecommunications monopolies.